Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of an Ambrosia Beetle to Volatiles of its Nutritional Fungal Symbiont
| Autor: | Matthew D. Ginzel, Marek Dzurenko, Christopher M. Ranger, Ruchika Geedi, Michael E. Reding, Karla M. Addesso, Matthew W. Ethington, Louela A. Castrillo, Jenny Barnett |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Ambrosiella grosmanniae Fusarium proliferatum Beauveria bassiana Xylosandrus germanus Biology Ambrosia beetle Benzoates Insect Control 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Pheromones Article Electroantennography Pentanols Ascomycota Fusarium Botany Animals Symbiosis Solid Phase Microextraction Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Volatile Organic Compounds Behavior Animal Ethanol Ambrosiella Host (biology) fungi Trichoderma harzianum General Medicine biology.organism_classification Biological Evolution Attraction Electrophysiological Phenomena 010602 entomology Fungal volatiles Weevils Female Hexanols |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Chemical Ecology |
| ISSN: | 1573-1561 0098-0331 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-021-01263-0 |
| Popis: | Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) cultivate their fungal symbiont within host substrates as the sole source of nutrition on which the larvae and adults must feed. To investigate a possible role for semiochemicals in this interaction, we characterized electrophysiological and behavioral responses ofXylosandrus germanusto volatiles associated with its fungal symbiontAmbrosiella grosmanniae. During still-air walking bioassays,X. germanusexhibited an arrestment response to volatiles ofA. grosmanniae, but not antagonistic fungiBeauveria bassiana,Metarhizium brunneum,Trichoderma harzianum, the plant pathogenFusarium proliferatum, or malt extract agar. Solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-phenylethanol, methyl benzoate and 3-methyl-1-butanol in emissions fromA. grosmanniae; the latter two compounds were also detected in emissions fromB. bassiana. Concentration-responses using electroantennography documented weak depolarizations toA. grosmanniaefungal volatiles, unlike the comparatively strong response to ethanol. When tested singly in walking bioassays, volatiles identified fromA. grosmanniaeelicited relatively weak arrestment responses, unlike the responses to ethanol.Xylosandrus germanusalso exhibited weak or no long-range attraction to the fungal volatiles when tested singly during field trials in 2016–2018. None of the fungal volatiles enhanced attraction ofX. germanusto ethanol when tested singly; in contrast, 2-phenylethanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol consistently reduced attraction to ethanol. Volatiles emitted byA. grosmanniaemay represent short-range olfactory cues that could aid in distinguishing their nutritional fungal symbiont from other fungi, but these compounds are not likely to be useful as long-range attractants for improving detection or mass trapping tactics. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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