Halogen-specific total organic halogen analysis: Assessment by recovery of total bromine
| Autor: | Anna Heitz, Cynthia Joll, Ina Kristiana, Markus Heryanto Langsa, Sebastien Allard |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Bromides
inorganic chemicals Environmental Engineering Haloacetic acids 0208 environmental biotechnology Ion chromatography Inorganic chemistry Halide chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Water Purification chemistry.chemical_compound Halogens Bromide Dissolved organic carbon Chlorine medicine Environmental Chemistry Organic Chemicals 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science Bromine General Medicine 020801 environmental engineering Disinfection chemistry Environmental chemistry Halogen Water Pollutants Chemical Disinfectants medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Environmental Sciences. 58:340-348 |
| ISSN: | 1001-0742 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jes.2017.06.010 |
| Popis: | Determination of halogen-specific total organic halogen (TOX) is vital for studies of disinfection of waters containing bromide, since total organic bromine (TOBr) is likely to be more problematic than total organic chlorine. Here, we present further halogen-specific TOX method optimisation and validation, focusing on measurement of TOBr. The optimised halogen-specific TOX method was validated based on the recovery of model compounds covering different classes of disinfection by-products (haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, halophenols and halogenated benzenes) and the recovery of total bromine (mass balance of TOBr and bromide concentrations) during disinfection of waters containing dissolved organic matter and bromide. The validation of a halogen-specific TOX method based on the mass balance of total bromine has not previously been reported. Very good recoveries of organic halogen from all model compounds were obtained, indicating high or complete conversion of all organic halogen in the model compound solution through to halide in the absorber solution for ion chromatography analysis. The method was also successfully applied to monitor conversion of bromide to TOBr in a groundwater treatment plant. An excellent recovery (101%) of total bromine was observed from the raw water to the post-chlorination stage. Excellent recoveries of total bromine (92%-95%) were also obtained from chlorination of a synthetic water containing dissolved organic matter and bromide, demonstrating the validity of the halogen-specific TOX method for TOBr measurement. The halogen-specific TOX method is an important tool to monitor and better understand the formation of halogenated organic compounds, in particular brominated organic compounds, in drinking water systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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