Hydrological droughts in the 21st century, hotspots and uncertainties from a global multimodel ensemble experiment
| Autor: | Prudhomme, C., Giuntoli, I., Robinson, E. L., Clark, D. B., Arnell, N. W., Dankers, R., Fekete, B. M., Franssen, W., Gerten, D., Gosling, S. N., Hagemann, S., Hannah, D. M., Kim, H., Masaki, Y., Satoh, Y., Stacke, T., Wada, Y., Wisser, D., Hydrologie, Sub SIM overig, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Hydrologie, Sub SIM overig, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Climate Change
Climate change extremes carbon-dioxide Earth System Science Atmosphere models Hydrology (agriculture) Computer Simulation elevated co2 WIMEK Multidisciplinary Geography cycle Global warming Global Climate Impacts: A Cross-Sector Multi-Model Assessment Special Feature Uncertainty face Representative Concentration Pathways Models Theoretical Droughts Water security Climatology Greenhouse gas climate-change Hydrodynamics Leerstoelgroep Aardsysteemkunde Environmental science Scale (map) Forecasting |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111 (2014) 9 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(9), 3262. National Academy of Sciences Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(9), 3262-3267 |
| ISSN: | 0027-8424 3262-3267 |
| Popis: | Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are expected to modify the global water cycle with significant consequences for terrestrial hydrology. We assess the impact of climate change on hydrological droughts in a multimodel experiment including seven global impact models (GIMs) driven by bias-corrected climate from five global climate models under four representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Drought severity is defined as the fraction of land under drought conditions. Results show a likely increase in the global severity of hydrological drought at the end of the 21st century, with systematically greater increases for RCPs describing stronger radiative forcings. Under RCP8.5, droughts exceeding 40% of analyzed land area are projected by nearly half of the simulations. This increase in drought severity has a strong signal-to-noise ratio at the global scale, and Southern Europe, the Middle East, the Southeast United States, Chile, and South West Australia are identified as possible hotspots for future water security issues. The uncertainty due to GIMs is greater than that from global climate models, particularly if including a GIM that accounts for the dynamic response of plants to CO2 and climate, as this model simulates little or no increase in drought frequency. Our study demonstrates that different representations of terrestrial water-cycle processes in GIMs are responsible for a much larger uncertainty in the response of hydrological drought to climate change than previously thought. When assessing the impact of climate change on hydrology, it is therefore critical to consider a diverse range of GIMs to better capture the uncertainty. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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