Extra-axial Cerebrospinal Fluid Relationships to Infant Brain Structure, Cognitive Development, and Risk for Schizophrenia
| Autor: | Veronica Murphy, Martin Styner, Emil Cornea, Sun Hyung Kim, John H. Gilmore, Mark D. Shen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
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Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognitive Neuroscience Article 050105 experimental psychology White matter 03 medical and health sciences Cognition 0302 clinical medicine Cerebrospinal fluid medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Autistic Disorder Biological Psychiatry Motor skill medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry 05 social sciences Brain Infant Magnetic resonance imaging medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging Early Diagnosis medicine.anatomical_structure Autism spectrum disorder Schizophrenia Brain size Autism Female Neurology (clinical) business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging |
| ISSN: | 2451-9022 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.03.008 |
| Popis: | Background Increased volume of extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid (EA-CSF) is associated with autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in young children. However, little is known about EA-CSF development in typically developing (TD) children or in children at risk for schizophrenia (SCZHR). Methods 3T magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained in TD children (n = 105) and in SCZHR children (n = 38) at 1 and 2 years of age. EA-CSF volume and several measures of brain structure were generated, including global tissue volumes, cortical thickness, and surface area. Cognitive and motor abilities at 1 and 2 years of age were assessed using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. Results In the TD children, EA-CSF volume was positively associated with total brain volume, gray and white matter volumes, and total surface area at 1 and 2 years of age. In contrast, EA-CSF volume was negatively associated with average cortical thickness. Lower motor ability was associated with increased EA-CSF volume at 1 year of age. EA-CSF was not significantly increased in SCZHR children compared with TD children. Conclusions EA-CSF volume is positively associated with overall brain size and cortical surface area but negatively associated with cortical thickness. Increased EA-CSF is associated with delayed motor development at 1 year of age, similar to studies of children at risk for autism, suggesting that increased EA-CSF may be an early biomarker of abnormal brain development in infancy. Infants in the SCZHR group did not exhibit significantly increased EA-CSF, suggesting that increased EA-CSF could be specific to neurodevelopmental disorders with an earlier onset, such as autism. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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