Universal chemomechanical design rules for solid-ion conductors to prevent dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries
| Autor: | Chengyin Fu, Victor Venturi, Jinsoo Kim, Zeeshan Ahmad, Andrew W. Ells, Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan, Brett A. Helms |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
FOS: Physical sciences chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences law.invention Shear modulus Dendrite (crystal) stomatognathic system law Plating General Materials Science Ceramic Composite material Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Electrical conductor Condensed Matter - Materials Science Mechanical Engineering Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) General Chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics Cathode cond-mat.mtrl-sci 0104 chemical sciences Anode chemistry Mechanics of Materials visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Lithium 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Nature materials, vol 19, iss 7 |
| Popis: | Dendrite formation during electrodeposition while charging lithium metal batteries compromises their safety. Although high-shear-modulus (Gs) solid-ion conductors (SICs) have been prioritized to resolve the pressure-driven instabilities that lead to dendrite propagation and cell shorting, it is unclear whether these or alternatives are needed to guide uniform lithium electrodeposition, which is intrinsically density-driven. Here, we show that SICs can be designed within a universal chemomechanical paradigm to access either pressure-driven dendrite-blocking or density-driven dendrite-suppressing properties, but not both. This dichotomy reflects the competing influence of the SIC's mechanical properties and the partial molar volume of Li+ ([Formula: see text]) relative to those of the lithium anode (GLi and VLi) on plating outcomes. Within this paradigm, we explore SICs in a previously unrecognized dendrite-suppressing regime that are concomitantly 'soft', as is typical of polymer electrolytes, but feature an atypically low [Formula: see text] that is more reminiscent of 'hard' ceramics. Li plating (1 mA cm-2; T = 20 °C) mediated by these SICs is uniform, as revealed using synchrotron hard X-ray microtomography. As a result, cell cycle life is extended, even when assembled with thin Li anodes (~30 µm) and either high-voltage NMC-622 cathodes (1.44 mAh cm-2) or high-capacity sulfur cathodes (3.02 mAh cm-2). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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