Size-Selective Carbon Clusters as Obstacles to Graphene Growth on a Metal
| Autor: | Claude Chapelier, Philippe David, Valérie Guisset, Johann Coraux, Laurence Magaud, José A. Martín-Gago, Bruno Gilles, José I. Martínez, Kitti Ratter, Alexandre Artaud |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Systèmes hybrides de basse dimensionnalité (HYBRID), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Magnétisme et Supraconductivité (MagSup ), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Epitaxie et couches minces (EpiCM ), Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), European Project: 696656,H2020,H2020-Adhoc-2014-20,GrapheneCore1(2016), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Systèmes hybrides de basse dimensionnalité (NEEL - HYBRID), Magnétisme et Supraconductivité (NEEL - MagSup), Epitaxie et couches minces (NEEL- EpiCM) |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Graphene growth
Materials science Kinetics chemistry.chemical_element Bioengineering 02 engineering and technology Substrate (electronics) Chemical vapor deposition 01 natural sciences law.invention Metastability law 0103 physical sciences Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters General Materials Science Scanning tunneling microscopy 010306 general physics ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS Graphene Mechanical Engineering [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry General Chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics Carbon clusters chemistry Chemical physics Density functional theory [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] Scanning tunneling microscope 0210 nano-technology Carbon |
| Zdroj: | Nano Letters Nano Letters, American Chemical Society, 2018, 18 (8), pp.4812-4820. ⟨10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01379⟩ Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname Nano Letters, 2018, 18 (8), pp.4812-4820. ⟨10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01379⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1530-6992 1530-6984 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01379 |
| Popis: | Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on metals is so far the best suited method to produce high-quality, large-area graphene. We discovered an unprecedentedly large family of small size-selective carbon clusters that form together with graphene during CVD. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT), we unambiguously determine their atomic structure. For that purpose, we use grids based on a graphene moiré and a dilute atomic lattice that unambiguously reveal the binding geometry of the clusters. We find that the observed clusters bind in metastable configurations on the substrate, while the thermodynamically stable configurations are not observed. We argue that the clusters are formed under kinetic control and establish that the evolution of the smallest clusters is blocked. They are hence products of surface reactions in competition with graphene growth, rather than intermediary species to the formation of extended graphene, as often assumed in the literature. We expect such obstacles to the synthesis of perfect graphene to be ubiquitous on a variety of metallic surfaces. J.I.M and J.A.M.-G. acknowledge financial support by the Spanish MINECO (Grants MAT2014-54231-C4-1-P, MAT2017-85089-C2-1-R, and RYC-2015-17730) and the EU via the innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 696656 (Graphene Core1-Graphene-based disruptive technologies). We acknowledge financial support via the France-Spain PICS project organX. VASP calculations were performed using HPC resources from GENCI-IDRIS (Grant 2017-A0020907655). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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