HIV, malaria parasites, and acute febrile episodes in Ugandan adults: a case–control study
| Autor: | Franca Cian, Silvia Declich, Ronald Okwey, Matthew Lukwiya, Robert Ochakachon, Jacob Ouma, Paolo Francesconi, Massimo Fabiani, Maria Grazia Dente |
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| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Fever Immunology Population HIV Infections Parasitemia Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Internal medicine parasitic diseases Epidemiology medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy Uganda education Sida education.field_of_study biology business.industry Public health Odds ratio Middle Aged medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Malaria Infectious Diseases Case-Control Studies Acute Disease HIV-1 Female business |
| Zdroj: | AIDS. 15:2445-2450 |
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/00002030-200112070-00013 |
| Popis: | Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, co-infection with HIV and malaria is probably very common. Although an interaction between the two infections is biologically plausible, it has not been investigated thoroughly. Objectives: To evaluate the association firstly between co-infection with HIV and malaria parasites and the occurrence of acute fever, and secondly between HIV infection and clinical malaria, defined as the presence of acute fever and malaria parasites. Methods: A hospital-based case‐control study was conducted in Gulu District (northern Uganda), an area endemic for malaria and with a high HIV prevalence. HIV testing and malaria parasite quantification were performed on 167 consecutive adult outpatients with acute fever and no signs or symptoms of localized infection, and on 134 consecutive adult in-patients without fever who were admitted for non-HIV-related trauma or elective surgery. Results: No significant association with acute fever was observed for single infection with either malaria parasites [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.75; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.73‐4.21] or HIV (AOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.51‐2.03), whereas a significant association was observed for co-infection (AOR, 9.75; 95% CI, 1.19‐80.00). An association was found between HIV infection and clinical malaria (AOR, 2.34; 95% CI, 0.89‐6.17); the association became statistically significant when the definition of clinical malaria included a cut-off for parasite density (50 th percentile; i.e., 586 parasites/Il; AOR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.04‐12.52). Conclusions: Despite the limited statistical power, the results of our study show an association between HIV infection and clinical malaria; if confirmed, this finding could be important for public health in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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