Ultrasound scanning for detecting morbidity due to Schistosoma haematobium and its resolution following treatment with different doses of praziquantel
| Autor: | C. Hatz, Degrémont A, Marcel Tanner, Jacob C. Koella, D. de Savigny, C. Mayombana, C.N.L. Macpherson |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Urinary system Urinary Bladder Helminthiasis Schistosomiasis Urine Kidney Tanzania Gastroenterology Praziquantel Schistosomiasis haematobia Internal medicine parasitic diseases Prevalence medicine Humans Helminths Anthelmintic Child Parasite Egg Count Ultrasonography Schistosoma haematobium Dose-Response Relationship Drug biology business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Surgery Infectious Diseases Parasitology business medicine.drug |
| Popis: | A study to assess the resolution of urinary tract morbidity due to Schistosoma haematobium was conducted on 2 cohorts of schoolchildren attending neighbouring schools in Kilombero District, southern Tanzania. Schoolchildren were screened for S. haematobium infection using the standard World Health Organization filtration technique and subsequently examined for urinary tract pathology using a portable 3·0 MHz sector scanner (Siemens Sonoline 1300). Treatment with praziquantel was given to all infected children. Children with observed urinary tract pathology received either 20 (n = 52) or 40 (n = 79) mg/kg body weight and were sonographically re-examined one, 2, 3 and 6 months following treatment. Geometric mean outputs of 21 and 19 eggs/ml of urine were detected in the 2 cohorts before treatment. Urinary tract pathology correlated positively with egg output (χ2, P = 0·02) and microhaematuria (P = 0·0001). Bladder (wall irregularities and polyps) and kidney (congestive changes) pathologies were found in 81% and 36%, respectively, of the group that received 20 mg/kg of praziquantel, and in 78% and 46% of the group that received 40 mg/kg. Six months after treatment, 90·4% and 88·0% parasitological cure rates were obtained using 20 or 40 mg praziquantel/kg body weight. The respective pathology clearances were 88% and 91%. 20 mg/kg of praziquantel was as effective with regard to cure rates and reversibility of morbidity as 40 mg/kg. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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