Effects of birth weight, sex and neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure on glucose-insulin dynamics in young adult horses
| Autor: | OA Valenzuela, Juanita K. Jellyman, N. Holdstock, V. L. Allen, Alison J. Forhead, Abigail L. Fowden |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Holdstock, Nicola [0000-0002-0599-5671], Forhead, Alison [0000-0003-2125-4811], Fowden, Abigail [0000-0002-3384-4467], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Blood Glucose Male medicine.medical_specialty Aging glucose tolerance 040301 veterinary sciences medicine.medical_treatment Birth weight Medicine (miscellaneous) Adrenocorticotropic hormone programming 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure Sex Factors Internal medicine insulin sensitivity Medicine Animals Birth Weight Insulin Horses Young adult Saline Glucocorticoids biology business.industry 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Receptor Insulin Sexual dimorphism Insulin receptor 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Animals Newborn biology.protein Female Insulin Resistance business Glucocorticoid medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of developmental origins of health and disease. 8(2) |
| ISSN: | 2040-1752 |
| Popis: | In several species, adult metabolic phenotype is influenced by the intrauterine environment, often in a sex-linked manner. In horses, there is also a window of susceptibility to programming immediately after birth but whether adult glucose–insulin dynamics are altered by neonatal conditions remains unknown. Thus, this study investigated the effects of birth weight, sex and neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure on glucose–insulin dynamics of young adult horses. For the first 5 days after birth, term foals were treated with saline as a control or ACTH to raise cortisol levels to those of stressed neonates. At 1 and 2 years of age, insulin secretion and sensitivity were measured by exogenous glucose administration and hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp, respectively. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was less in males than females at both ages, although there were no sex-linked differences in glucose tolerance. Insulin sensitivity was greater in females than males at 1 year but not 2 years of age. Birth weight was inversely related to the area under the glucose curve and positively correlated to insulin sensitivity at 2 years but not 1 year of age. In contrast, neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure induced by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) treatment had no effect on whole body glucose tolerance, insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity at either age, although this treatment altered insulin receptor abundance in specific skeletal muscles of the 2-year-old horses. These findings show that glucose–insulin dynamics in young adult horses are sexually dimorphic and determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors acting during early life. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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