Cells of the innate and adaptive immunity and their interactions in inflammatory bowel disease
| Autor: | Zbigniew Kmieć, Marta Cyman, Tomasz Jerzy Ślebioda |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adaptive Immunity Inflammatory bowel disease Pathogenesis 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Antigen Animals Humans Medicine Innate immune system business.industry Innate lymphoid cell CCL18 T-Lymphocytes Helper-Inducer General Medicine biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Acquired immune system medicine.disease Immunity Innate digestive system diseases 030104 developmental biology Immunology bacteria business |
| Zdroj: | Advances in Medical Sciences. 62:1-16 |
| ISSN: | 1896-1126 |
| Popis: | Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that includes two major phenotypes, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis that are characterized by different clinical features and different course of the immune response. The exact aetiology of IBD still remains unknown, although it is thought that the diseases result from an excessive immune response directed against microbial or environmentally derived antigens which can be triggered by the disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. In this review we present immune mechanisms and interactions between cells of the immune system and tissue environment that contribute to the development and progression of IBD in humans. Since dysregulation of the intestinal immune response is a hallmark of chronic inflammatory conditions, we characterize cells of the innate and adaptive immunity involved in the pathogenesis of IBD and their cross-talks. We describe various subclasses of recently discovered innate lymphoid cells, as well as dendritic cells, macrophages and T cells, including Th17, Th22 and T regulatory cells, present in the intestinal lamina propria and cytokine-mediated regulation of the immune response in IBD, highlighting the role of IL-22 and IL-17A/IL-23 axis. Insights into novel therapeutic modalities targeting certain elements of the immune pathways important for the pathogenesis of IBD have been also shortly presented. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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