Potential downside of high initial visual acuity
| Autor: | Pawan Sinha, Lukas Vogelsang, Richard Held, Sharon Gilad-Gutnick, Sidney Diamond, Evan Ehrenberg, Albert Yonas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Multidisciplinary Visual acuity Biological Sciences Audiology medicine.disease Convolutional neural network Facial recognition system 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cataracts Receptive field Generalization (learning) Face (geometry) 030221 ophthalmology & optometry Congenital cataracts medicine medicine.symptom Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115:11333-11338 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1800901115 |
| Popis: | Children who are treated for congenital cataracts later exhibit impairments in configural face analysis. This has been explained in terms of a critical period for the acquisition of normal face processing. Here, we consider a more parsimonious account according to which deficits in configural analysis result from the abnormally high initial retinal acuity that children treated for cataracts experience, relative to typical newborns. According to this proposal, the initial period of low retinal acuity characteristic of normal visual development induces extended spatial processing in the cortex that is important for configural face judgments. As a computational test of this hypothesis, we examined the effects of training with high-resolution or blurred images, and staged combinations, on the receptive fields and performance of a convolutional neural network. The results show that commencing training with blurred images creates receptive fields that integrate information across larger image areas and leads to improved performance and better generalization across a range of resolutions. These findings offer an explanation for the observed face recognition impairments after late treatment of congenital blindness, suggest an adaptive function for the acuity trajectory in normal development, and provide a scheme for improving the performance of computational face recognition systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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