Bonobo and chimpanzee gestures overlap extensively in meaning
| Autor: | Richard W. Byrne, Kirsty E. Graham, Takeshi Furuichi, James Ounsley, Catherine Hobaiter |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of St Andrews. School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolution, University of St Andrews. School of Biology |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
QH301 Biology Social Sciences Random Allocation 0302 clinical medicine Mathematical and Statistical Techniques Sociology Physical form Semiotics Analysis of variance Biology (General) Animal Signaling and Communication Mammals Gestures Animal Behavior General Neuroscience Bonobo Repertoire Physics 05 social sciences Eukaryota Pan paniscus Vertebrates Physical Sciences Apes Female General Agricultural and Biological Sciences BDC Statistics (Mathematics) Gesture Acoustic signals Research Article Primates BF Psychology Pan troglodytes QH301-705.5 Permutation BF Meaning (non-linguistic) Biology Research and Analysis Methods General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences QH301 Species Specificity Similarity (psychology) Acoustic Signals Animals 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology Chimpanzees Statistical Methods Set (psychology) Animal signaling and communication Communication QL Behavior Analysis of Variance General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry Discrete Mathematics Organisms Biology and Life Sciences DAS Acoustics QL Zoology biology.organism_classification Communications Animal Communication Combinatorics Amniotes Bonobos business Zoology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Mathematics |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Biology PLoS Biology, Vol 16, Iss 2, p e2004825 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 1545-7885 |
| Popis: | Cross-species comparison of great ape gesturing has so far been limited to the physical form of gestures in the repertoire, without questioning whether gestures share the same meanings. Researchers have recently catalogued the meanings of chimpanzee gestures, but little is known about the gesture meanings of our other closest living relative, the bonobo. The bonobo gestural repertoire overlaps by approximately 90% with that of the chimpanzee, but such overlap might not extend to meanings. Here, we first determine the meanings of bonobo gestures by analysing the outcomes of gesturing that apparently satisfy the signaller. Around half of bonobo gestures have a single meaning, while half are more ambiguous. Moreover, all but 1 gesture type have distinct meanings, achieving a different distribution of intended meanings to the average distribution for all gesture types. We then employ a randomisation procedure in a novel way to test the likelihood that the observed between-species overlap in the assignment of meanings to gestures would arise by chance under a set of different constraints. We compare a matrix of the meanings of bonobo gestures with a matrix for those of chimpanzees against 10,000 randomised iterations of matrices constrained to the original data at 4 different levels. We find that the similarity between the 2 species is much greater than would be expected by chance. Bonobos and chimpanzees share not only the physical form of the gestures but also many gesture meanings. Author summary Bonobos and chimpanzees are closely related members of the great ape family, and both species use gestures to communicate. We are able to deduce the meaning of great ape gestures by looking at the ‘Apparently Satisfactory Outcome’ (ASO), which reflects how the recipient of the gesture reacts and whether their reaction satisfies the signaller; satisfaction is shown by the signaller ceasing to produce more gestures. Here, we use ASOs to define the meaning of bonobo gestures, most of which are used to start or stop social interactions such as grooming, travelling, or sex. We then compare the meanings of bonobo gestures with those of chimpanzees and find that many of the gestures share the same meanings. Bonobos and chimpanzees could, in principle, understand one another’s gestures; however, more research is necessary to determine how such gestures and gesture meanings are acquired. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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