Immigrant screening for latent tuberculosis in Norway: a cost-effectiveness analysis
| Autor: | Fredrik Salvesen Haukaas, Brita Askeland Winje, Eline Aas, Trude Margrete Arnesen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Tuberculosis Cost-Benefit Analysis Economics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) Interferon gamma release assay Antitubercular Agents Emigrants and Immigrants Expected value of perfect information Risk Assessment 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Disease Screening Latent Tuberculosis Environmental health medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Latent tuberculosis business.industry Norway Tuberculin Test 030503 health policy & services Health Policy Incidence (epidemiology) Decision Trees Cost-effectiveness analysis Health Care Costs bacterial infections and mycoses medicine.disease Surgery Cohort 0305 other medical science business Algorithms Interferon-gamma Release Tests |
| Zdroj: | The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care. 18(4) |
| ISSN: | 1618-7601 |
| Popis: | The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) disease has increased in Norway since the mid-1990s. Immigrants are screened, and some are treated, for latent TB infection (LTBI) to prevent TB disease (reactivation). In this study, we estimated the costs of both treating and screening for LTBI and TB disease, which has not been done previously in Norway. We developed a model to indicate the cost-effectiveness of four different screening algorithms for LTBI using avoided TB disease cases as the health outcome. Further, we calculated the expected value of perfect information (EVPI), and indicated areas of LTBI screening that could be changed to improve cost-effectiveness. The costs of treating LTBI and TB disease were estimated to be €1938 and €15,489 per case, respectively. The model evaluates four algorithms, and suggests three cost-effective algorithms depending on the cost-effectiveness threshold. Screening all immigrants with interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) requires the highest threshold (€28,400), followed by the algorithms “IGRA on immigrants with risk factors” and “no LTBI screening.” EVPI is approximately €5 per screened immigrant. The costs for a cohort of 20,000 immigrants followed through 10 years range from €12.2 million for the algorithm “screening and treatment for TB disease but no LTBI screening,” to €14 million for “screening all immigrants for both TB disease and LTBI with IGRA.” The results suggest that the cost of TB disease screening and treatment is the largest contributor to total costs, while LTBI screening and treatment costs are relatively small. Increasing the proportion of IGRA-positive immigrants who are treated decreases the costs per avoided case substantially. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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