Disentangling conscious from unconscious cognitive processing with event-related EEG potentials

Autor: Lionel Naccache, Benjamin Rohaut
Přispěvatelé: Columbia University [New York], Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurophysiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Unconscious mind
Consciousness
media_common.quotation_subject
MESH: Unconscious
Mismatch negativity
Unconscious
Disorders of consciousness
Unconsciousness
Cognitive neuroscience
050105 experimental psychology
MESH: Semantics
MESH: ERPs
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
MESH: Consciousness
Cognition
Mental Processes
medicine
P600
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
N400
P300
Evoked Potentials
media_common
MMN
[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience
05 social sciences
[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences
Electroencephalography
ERPs
medicine.disease
Semantics
Neurology
Acoustic Stimulation
Consciousness Disorders
Neurology (clinical)
Psychology
MESH: Consciousness Disorders
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Cognitive psychology
Zdroj: Revue Neurologique
Revue Neurologique, Elsevier Masson, 2017, ⟨10.1016/j.neurol.2017.08.001⟩
Revue Neurologique, 2017, ⟨10.1016/j.neurol.2017.08.001⟩
ISSN: 0035-3787
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.08.001⟩
Popis: International audience; By looking for properties of consciousness, cognitive neuroscience studies have dramatically enlarged the scope of unconscious cognitive processing. This emerging knowledge inspired the development of new approaches allowing clinicians to probe and disentangle conscious from unconscious cognitive processes in non-communicating brain-injured patients both in terms of behaviour and brain activity. This information is extremely valuable in order to improve diagnosis and prognosis in such patients both at acute and chronic settings. Reciprocally, the growing observations coming from such patients suffering from disorders of consciousness provide valuable constraints to theoretical models of consciousness. In this review we chose to illustrate these recent developments by focusing on brain signals recorded with EEG at bedside in response to auditory stimuli. More precisely, we present the respective EEG markers of unconscious and conscious processing of two classes of auditory stimuli (sounds and words). We show that in both cases, conscious access to the corresponding representation (e.g.: auditory regularity and verbal semantic content) share a similar neural signature (P3b and P600/LPC) that can be distinguished from unconscious processing occurring during an earlier stage (MMN and N400). We propose a two-stage serial model of processing and discuss how unconscious and conscious signatures can be measured at bedside providing relevant information for both diagnosis and prognosis of consciousness recovery. These two examples emphasize how fruitful can be the bidirectional approach exploring cognition in healthy subjects and in brain-damaged patients.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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