Immunological imbalance in microcephalic children with congenital Zika virus syndrome

Autor: Amanda Costa Ayres Salmeron, Wallace Pitanga Bezerra, Rafaela Lúcia Lopes de Souza, Luanderson Cardoso Pereira, Lícia Maria do Nascimento, Anna Cláudia Calvielli Castelo Branco, Luiza Emilia Cavalcanti Simas, Valéria Azevedo de Almeida, Pedro Henrique de Souza Palmeira, Christiane Medeiros Bezerra, Paulo Marcos Matta Guedes, Maria Notomi Sato, Valéria Soraya de Farias Sales, Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior, Tatjana de Souza Lima Keesen, Manuela Sales Lima Nascimento
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Medical Microbiology and Immunology. 211:219-235
ISSN: 1432-1831
0300-8584
DOI: 10.1007/s00430-022-00746-5
Popis: Microcephalic children due congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZS) present neurological symptoms already well described. However, several other alterations can also be observed. Here, we aimed to evaluate the immune system of microcephaly CZS children. We showed that these patients have enlarged thymus, spleen and cervical lymph nodes, analysed by ultrasound and compared to the reference values for healthy children. In the periphery, they have an increase in eosinophil count and morphological alterations as hypersegmented neutrophils and atypical lymphocytes, even in the absence of urinary tract infections, parasitological infections or other current symptomatic infections. Microcephalic children due CZS also have high levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and type I IFNs, compared to healthy controls. In addition, this population showed a deficient cellular immune memory as demonstrated by the low reactivity to the tuberculin skin test even though they had been vaccinated with BCG less than 2 years before the challenge with the PPD. Together, our data demonstrate for the first time that CZS can cause alterations in primary and secondary lymphoid organs and also alters the morphology and functionality of the immune system cells, which broadens the spectrum of CZS symptoms. This knowledge may assist the development of specific therapeutic and more efficient vaccination schemes for this population of patients.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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