Gut-liver axis, gut microbiota, and its modulation in the management of liver diseases: A review of the literature

Autor: Ankica Vujovic, Edda Russo, Vladimir Djordjevic, Aleksandra Barac, Nebojsa Lekic, Olja Stevanovic, Ivana Milosevic, Ivana Gmizic, Amedeo Amedei, Aleksandra Radovanovic Spurnic, Milos Korac, Marina Djelic
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Alcoholic liver disease
Cirrhosis
Review
Disease
Gut flora
Pathogenesis
lcsh:Chemistry
0302 clinical medicine
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
biology
Liver Diseases
Fatty liver
General Medicine
3. Good health
Computer Science Applications
Liver
Hepatocellular carcinoma
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Disease Susceptibility
chronic liver diseases
Catalysis
Inorganic Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Animals
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Symbiosis
Molecular Biology
fecal transplantation
gut-liver axis
gut microbiota
business.industry
Organic Chemistry
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gastrointestinal Tract
Prebiotics
030104 developmental biology
probiotics
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Chronic liver diseases
Fecal transplantation
Gut microbiota
Gut-liver axis
Probiotics
Dysbiosis
Immunology
Steatohepatitis
business
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 2, p 395 (2019)
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Popis: The rapid scientific interest in gut microbiota (GM) has coincided with a global increase in the prevalence of infectious and non-infectivous liver diseases. GM, which is also called “the new virtual metabolic organ”, makes axis with a number of extraintestinal organs, such as kidneys, brain, cardiovascular, and the bone system. The gut-liver axis has attracted greater attention in recent years. GM communication is bi-directional and involves endocrine and immunological mechanisms. In this way, gut-dysbiosis and composition of “ancient” microbiota could be linked to pathogenesis of numerous chronic liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), development of liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this paper, we discuss the current evidence supporting a GM role in the management of different chronic liver diseases and potential new therapeutic GM targets, like fecal transplantation, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics. We conclude that population-level shifts in GM could play a regulatory role in the gut-liver axis and, consequently, etiopathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. This could have a positive impact on future therapeutic strategies.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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