Population differences in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) DNA methylation: Genetic drift and environmental factors
| Autor: | Daniel D. Heath, Ben J. G. Sutherland, Terry D. Beacham, Clare J. Venney |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Population Population genetics population variation Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Genetic drift adaptive potential Epigenetics education Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics QH540-549.5 030304 developmental biology Nature and Landscape Conservation Local adaptation Original Research Genetics 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study DNA methylation Ecology epigenetics population genetics Methylation Microsatellite genetic drift |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution Ecology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 11, Pp 6846-6861 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| Popis: | Local adaptation and phenotypic differences among populations have been reported in many species, though most studies focus on either neutral or adaptive genetic differentiation. With the discovery of DNA methylation, questions have arisen about its contribution to individual variation in and among natural populations. Previous studies have identified differences in methylation among populations of organisms, although most to date have been in plants and model animal species. Here we obtained eyed eggs from eight populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and assayed DNA methylation at 23 genes involved in development, immune function, stress response, and metabolism using a gene‐targeted PCR‐based assay for next‐generation sequencing. Evidence for population differences in methylation was found at eight out of 23 gene loci after controlling for developmental timing in each individual. However, we found no correlation between freshwater environmental parameters and methylation variation among populations at those eight genes. A weak correlation was identified between pairwise DNA methylation dissimilarity among populations and pairwise F ST based on 15 microsatellite loci, indicating weak effects of genetic drift or geographic distance on methylation. The weak correlation was primarily driven by two genes, GTIIBS and Nkef. However, single‐gene Mantel tests comparing methylation and pairwise F ST were not significant after Bonferroni correction. Thus, population differences in DNA methylation are more likely related to unmeasured oceanic environmental conditions, local adaptation, and/or genetic drift. DNA methylation is an additional mechanism that contributes to among population variation, with potential influences on organism phenotype, adaptive potential, and population resilience. DNA methylation presents a novel evolutionary mechanism for differences among populations due to its ability to respond to environmental change and its transmission among generations. We show population‐level differences in Chinook salmon DNA methylation and attempt to relate these differences to freshwater environmental context and genetic drift. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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