The Evolution of Dust Opacity in Core Collapse Supernovae and the Rapid Formation of Dust in Their Ejecta
| Autor: | Richard G. Arendt, Eli Dwek, Arkaprabha Sarangi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Astrochemistry
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Opacity Extinction (astronomy) FOS: Physical sciences Astrophysics 01 natural sciences complex mixtures chemistry.chemical_compound Nucleosynthesis 0103 physical sciences Ejecta 010303 astronomy & astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR) 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Physics Photosphere Astronomy and Astrophysics Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies Silicate respiratory tract diseases Supernova Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics chemistry Space and Planetary Science Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) |
| DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.1812.08234 |
| Popis: | Infrared (IR) observations of core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) have been used to infer the mass of dust that has formed in their ejecta. A plot of inferred dust masses versus supernova (SN) ages shows a trend of increasing dust mass with time, spanning a few decades of observations. This trend has been interpreted as evidence for the slow and gradual formation of dust in CCSNe. Observationally, the trend exhibits a $ t^2$ behavior, exactly what is expected from an expanding optically thick ejecta. In this case, the observed dust resides in the infrared (IR)-thin "photosphere" of the ejecta, and constitutes only a fraction of the total dust mass. We therefore propose that dust formation proceeds very rapidly, condensing most available refractory elements within two years after the explosion. At early epochs, only a fraction of the dust emission escapes the ejecta accounting for the low observed dust mass. The ejecta's entire dust content is unveiled only a few decades after the explosion, with the gradual decrease in its IR opacity. Corroborating evidence for this picture includes the early depletions of refractory elements in the ejecta of SN1987A and the appearance of a silicate emission band around day 300 in SN~2004et. Comment: Accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters. The manuscript contains 7 pages, including 2 figures |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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