A mechanistic approach for toxicity and risk assessment of heavy metals, hydroquinone and microorganisms in cosmetic creams

Autor:	Muhammad Irfan, Amir Shafeeq, Umair Siddiq, Farzana Bashir, Tausif Ahmad, Muhammad Athar, Muhammad Tahir Butt, Sami Ullah, Ahmad Mukhtar, Mohamed Hussien, Su Shiung Lam
Rok vydání:	2022
Předmět:	Environmental Engineering Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Cosmetics Mercury Pollution Risk Assessment Hydroquinones Lead Metals Heavy Environmental Chemistry Humans Soil Pollutants Waste Management and Disposal Cadmium Environmental Monitoring
Zdroj:	Journal of hazardous materials. 433
ISSN:	1873-3336
Popis:	The demand and importance of fairness creams as a major cosmetic have increased significantly in recent years. However, some of these cosmetics contain heavy metals, hydroquinone and microorganism that can cause various health problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine and examine the concentration of metals (i.e. Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Hg), hydroquinone and microorganisms in nine different fairness creams produced by local and international brands. The health risk assessment of the tested substances for consumers was accessed through systemic exposure dosage (SED), margin of safety (MoS), lifetime cancer risk (LCR), hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). The concentration of Zn and Hg were found the highest and measured in the range of 17.82-138.06 mg.kg
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b314e41d967641c9c4f44e2bb57a7e04 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35398795 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Full Text from ScienceDirect