Characterizing the cytotoxic effects and several antimicrobial phytocompounds of Argemone mexicana

Autor: Jeffery Pruet, Danielle A. Orozco-Nunnelly, Teodora Najdeska, Clara Patricia Rios-Ibarra, Estefany Lucia Bocangel Gamarra, Theodore Lefeber
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Thin-Layer Chromatography
Leaves
Berberine
Staphylococcus
Cancer Treatment
Plant Science
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Biochemistry
Plant Roots
chemistry.chemical_compound
Medicine and Health Sciences
Papaveraceae
Staphylococcus Aureus
Plant Hormones
Multidisciplinary
biology
Traditional medicine
Plant Biochemistry
Antimicrobials
Cytotoxins
Plant Anatomy
Chromatographic Techniques
Drugs
Antimicrobial
Thin-layer chromatography
Bacterial Pathogens
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Oncology
Medical Microbiology
Seeds
Medicine
Argemone
Pathogens
Research Article
Science
Antineoplastic Agents
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Argemone mexicana
Poppy
Microbial Control
Cell Line
Tumor
Humans
Microbial Pathogens
Mexico
Colorectal Cancer
Pharmacology
Benzophenanthridines
Bacteria
Plant Extracts
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Cancers and Neoplasms
biology.organism_classification
Hormones
Gibberellins
Plant Leaves
Planar Chromatography
Chelerythrine
chemistry
Solvents
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 4, p e0249704 (2021)
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249704
Popis: Commonly called the Mexican prickly poppy, Argemone mexicana is a stress-resistant member of the Papaveraceae family of plants that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries by indigenous communities in Mexico and Western parts of the United States. This plant has been exploited to treat a wide variety of ailments, with reported antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, as well as cytotoxic effects against some human cancer cell lines. Due to its various therapeutic uses and its abundance of secondary metabolites, A. mexicana has great potential as a drug discovery candidate. Herein, the germination conditions of A. mexicana are described and the cytotoxic activities of different parts (seeds, leaves, inner vs. outer roots) of the plant from methanol or hexane extracts are preliminarily characterized against cells of seven unique organisms. When comparing 1 mg of each sample normalized to background solvent alone, A. mexicana methanol outer root and leaf extracts possessed the strongest antimicrobial activity, with greatest effects against the Gram-positive bacteria tested, and less activity against the Gram-negative bacteria and fungi tested. Additionally, using the MTT colorimetric assay, the outer root methanol and seed hexane extracts displayed pronounced inhibitory effects against human colon cancer cells. Quantification of c-MYC (oncogene) and APC (tumor suppressor) mRNA levels help elucidate how the A. mexicana root methanol extract may be affecting colon cancer cells. After ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and subsequent nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the root and leaf methanol fractions, two main antibacterial compounds, chelerythrine and berberine, have been identified. The roots were found to possess both phytocompounds, while the leaf lacked chelerythrine. These data highlight the importance of plants as an invaluable pharmaceutical resource at a time when antimicrobial and anticancer drug discovery has plateaued.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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