Estimating acute human leptospirosis incidence in northern Tanzania using sentinel site and community behavioural surveillance

Autor:	Sarah Cleaveland, Matthew P. Rubach, William A. de Glanville, Venance P. Maro, Katrina Sharples, Michael J. Maze, Blandina T. Mmbaga, John A. Crump, Renee L. Galloway, Shama Cash-Goldwasser, Jo E. B. Halliday, Holly M. Biggs, Kathryn J. Allan, Tito Kibona, Rudovick Kazwala
Rok vydání:	2020
Předmět:	Adult 0301 basic medicine Livestock Adolescent Epidemiology 030106 microbiology 030231 tropical medicine Logistic regression Tanzania Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Environmental health parasitic diseases medicine Animals Humans leptospirosis Risk factor Child Estimation Farmers General Veterinary General Immunology and Microbiology biology Incidence (epidemiology) Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Rural district Original Articles Middle Aged biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Leptospirosis 3. Good health Cross-Sectional Studies Infectious Diseases Sentinel site Geography risk factor incidence Original Article Public Health Sentinel Surveillance
Zdroj:	Zoonoses and Public Health
ISSN:	1863-2378 1863-1959
DOI:	10.1111/zph.12712
Popis:	Many infectious diseases lack robust estimates of incidence from endemic areas, and extrapolating incidence when there are few locations with data remains a major challenge in burden of disease estimation. We sought to combine sentinel surveillance with community behavioural surveillance to estimate leptospirosis incidence. We administered a questionnaire gathering responses on established locally relevant leptospirosis risk factors and recent fever to livestock‐owning community members across six districts in northern Tanzania and applied a logistic regression model predicting leptospirosis risk on the basis of behavioural factors that had been previously developed among patients with fever in Moshi Municipal and Moshi Rural Districts. We aggregated probability of leptospirosis by district and estimated incidence in each district by standardizing probabilities to those previously estimated for Moshi Districts. We recruited 286 community participants: Hai District (n = 11), Longido District (59), Monduli District (56), Moshi Municipal District (103), Moshi Rural District (44) and Rombo District (13). The mean predicted probability of leptospirosis by district was Hai 0.029 (0.005, 0.095), Longido 0.071 (0.009, 0.235), Monduli 0.055 (0.009, 0.206), Moshi Rural 0.014 (0.002, 0.049), Moshi Municipal 0.015 (0.004, 0.048) and Rombo 0.031 (0.006, 0.121). We estimated the annual incidence (upper and lower bounds of estimate) per 100,000 people of human leptospirosis among livestock owners by district as Hai 35 (6, 114), Longido 85 (11, 282), Monduli 66 (11, 247), Moshi Rural 17 (2, 59), Moshi Municipal 18 (5, 58) and Rombo 47 (7, 145). Use of community behavioural surveillance may be a useful tool for extrapolating disease incidence beyond sentinel surveillance sites.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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