Spatially regulated editing of genetic information within a neuron
| Autor: | Noa Liscovitch-Brauer, Simon R. Levinson, Juan Felipe Diaz Quiroz, Eli Eisenberg, Isabel C. Vallecillo-Viejo, Joshua J. C. Rosenthal, Kavita J. Rangan, Maria Fernanda Montiel-Gonzalez, Sonya E. Nemes |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Cytoplasm
Adenosine Adenosine Deaminase AcademicSubjects/SCI00010 NAR Breakthrough Article Biology Genetics medicine Animals Humans Neurons Decapodiformes food and beverages RNA Axons Inosine Cell biology Cell nucleus HEK293 Cells medicine.anatomical_structure Axoplasm Squid giant axon Potassium Channels Voltage-Gated RNA editing Synapses RNA Editing Neuron Nucleus |
| Zdroj: | Nucleic Acids Research |
| ISSN: | 1362-4962 0305-1048 |
| Popis: | In eukaryotic cells, with the exception of the specialized genomes of mitochondria and plastids, all genetic information is sequestered within the nucleus. This arrangement imposes constraints on how the information can be tailored for different cellular regions, particularly in cells with complex morphologies like neurons. Although messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and the proteins that they encode, can be differentially sorted between cellular regions, the information itself does not change. RNA editing by adenosine deamination can alter the genome’s blueprint by recoding mRNAs; however, this process too is thought to be restricted to the nucleus. In this work, we show that ADAR2 (adenosine deaminase that acts on RNA), an RNA editing enzyme, is expressed outside of the nucleus in squid neurons. Furthermore, purified axoplasm exhibits adenosine-to-inosine activity and can specifically edit adenosines in a known substrate. Finally, a transcriptome-wide analysis of RNA editing reveals that tens of thousands of editing sites (>70% of all sites) are edited more extensively in the squid giant axon than in its cell bodies. These results indicate that within a neuron RNA editing can recode genetic information in a region-specific manner. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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