Markers of foamy virus infections in monkeys, apes, and accidentally infected humans: appropriate testing fails to confirm suspected foamy virus prevalence in humans
| Autor: | Heidi Hahn, Matthias Schweizer, Dieter Neumann-Haefelin, Robert Turek, Andreas Schliephake, Michael Reinhardt, Kai-Olaf Netzer, Gerald Eder, Axel Rethwilm |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Immunology
Molecular Sequence Data Simian foamy virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Simian Antibodies Viral Polymerase Chain Reaction Virus Serology Virology Prevalence Animals Humans Spumavirus DNA Primers biology Base Sequence Hominidae Laboratory Infection Haplorhini Human foamy virus Fibroblasts biology.organism_classification Infectious Diseases Africa Viral disease Biomarkers Retroviridae Infections |
| Zdroj: | AIDS research and human retroviruses. 11(1) |
| ISSN: | 0889-2229 |
| Popis: | Foamy viruses (FVs) persist in healthy individuals of various mammalian species, including nonhuman primates. Laboratory markers of FV infection are (1) virus in throat epithelium or peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), (2) proviral DNA sequences in PBLs and various solid organs, and (3) antibodies reactive to viral antigens on Western blots, in radioimmunoprecipitation tests, and in immunofluorescence assays. Using PCR and serological tests, we readily detected FV markers in naturally infected African green monkeys, rhesus monkeys, and chimpanzees, as well as in accidentally infected humans. Transmission of simian foamy viruses to humans (by bite or inadvertent laboratory infection) leads to viral markers, without affecting the recipient. Reports on FV-associated clinical disorders (e.g., thyroid or neurological) have remained controversial. In this study we failed to detect, by PCR, viral sequences in the samples from 223 patients, including 16 HIV-infected Africans, 46 Graves' disease patients, and 28 patients with the de Quervain's thyroiditis. Evaluation of 2688 sera from suspected high-risk areas (e.g., Central and East Africa, or high-risk groups such as HIV-infected individuals and patients with AIDS, thyroid, and neurological disorders) did not reveal FV-specific antibodies in a single case. Previously reported FV seroprevalence in various populations has never been verified by appropriate confirmatory tests. The strain of "human foamy virus" has remained a unique isolate. In conclusion, FVs are unlikely--at present--to circulate in human populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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