Dynamic Changes of the Fungal Microbiome in Alcohol Use Disorder
| Autor: | Phillipp Hartmann, Sonja Lang, Suling Zeng, Yi Duan, Xinlian Zhang, Yanhan Wang, Marina Bondareva, Andrey Kruglov, Derrick E. Fouts, Peter Stärkel, Bernd Schnabl |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | UCL - SSS/IREC/GAEN - Pôle d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de gastro-entérologie |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Physiology microbiome Alcohol use disorder Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Liver disease mycobiome 0302 clinical medicine Physiology (medical) mental disorders medicine QP1-981 Microbiome Candida albicans abstinence Original Research biology business.industry biology.organism_classification medicine.disease alcohol-associated liver disease Corpus albicans 030104 developmental biology 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Malassezia fungi Candida zeylanoides business Alcohol Abstinence |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in physiology, Vol. 12, no.12, p. 699253 (2021) Frontiers in Physiology Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021) |
| Popis: | BackgroundAlcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The intestinal microbiota is involved in the development and progression of ALD; however, little is known about commensal fungi therein.MethodsWe studied the dynamic changes of the intestinal fungal microbiome, or mycobiome, in 66 patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and after 2 weeks of alcohol abstinence using internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) amplicon sequencing of fecal samples.ResultsPatients with AUD had significantly increased abundance of the genera Candida, Debaryomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, and Issatchenkia, and of the species Candida albicans and Candida zeylanoides compared with control subjects. Significantly improved liver health markers caspase-cleaved and intact cytokeratin 18 (CK18-M65) levels and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in AUD patients after 2 weeks of alcohol abstinence were associated with significantly lower abundance of the genera Candida, Malassezia, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, Issatchenkia, and the species C. albicans and C. zeylanoides. This was mirrored by significantly higher specific anti-C. albicans immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) serum levels in AUD patients in relation to control participants, and significantly decreased anti-C. albicans IgG levels in AUD subjects after 2 weeks of abstinence. The intestinal abundance of the genus Malassezia was significantly higher in AUD subjects with progressive liver disease compared with non-progressive liver disease.ConclusionIn conclusion, improved liver health in AUD patients after alcohol abstinence was associated with lower intestinal abundances of Candida and Malassezia, and lower serum anti-C. albicans IgG levels. Intestinal fungi might serve as a therapeutic target to improve the outcome of patients in ALD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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