Nitrogen Transport and Fate in European Streams, Rivers, Lakes, and Wetlands
| Autor: | J. P. Jensen, B. Kronvang, C.C. Hoffmann, P. Boers |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Follett, R. F., Hatfield, J. L., Hatfield, Jerry L., Follett, Ronald F. |
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category Drainage basin Environmental engineering chemistry.chemical_element Wetland STREAMS enviroment Manure Nitrogen nitrogen chemistry Wastewater Environmental protection Nutrient pollution media_common.cataloged_instance Environmental science Sewage treatment European union Water resource management Surface water Environmental quality Groundwater media_common |
| Zdroj: | Kronvang, B, Jensen, J P, Hoffmann, C C, Boers, P, Follett, R F (ed.) & Hatfield, J L (ed.) 2001, Nitrogen Transport and Fate in European Streams, Rivers, Lakes and Wetlands . in R F Follett & J L Hatfield (eds), Nitrogen in the Environment : Sources, Problems, and Management . Pergamon Press, pp. 183-206 . Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems and Management Kronvang, B, Jensen, J P, Hoffmann, C C & Boers, P 2008, Nitrogen transport and fate in European streams, rivers, lakes, and wetlands . in J L Hatfield & R F Follett (eds), Nitrogen in the environment: Sources, problems, and management . 2nd edn, Pergamon Press, London, pp. 241-270 . |
| DOI: | 10.1016/b978-0-12-374347-3.00009-3 |
| Popis: | This chapter describes nitrogen transport and fate in European streams, rivers, lakes and wetlands. This chapter provides an overview of the present state of nitrogen pollution in European streams, rivers and lakes. The main focus of the chapter is on diffuse sources of nitrogen. Diffuse sources are today the main concern in many European catchments, and measures need to be developed to protect drinking water supplies and maintain the environmental quality of rivers, lakes and coastal waters. In 1991, the European Union adopted the Nitrate Directive aimed to reduce or prevent nitrate pollution of water because of application and storage of inorganic fertilizers and manure on farmland. The EU countries have identified zones vulnerable to nitrate pollution, and most countries have adopted action plans to reduce nitrogen pollution. Thus, throughout Europe catchment managers are combating nitrogen pollution from both point and diffuse sources, a task requiring thorough knowledge of the mechanisms governing nitrogen loss arising from different uses of land, as well as of the fate of nitrogen in groundwater and surface waters. Based on examples from different European catchments and comprehensive data sets gathered from ongoing nutrient monitoring programs in Denmark and the Netherlands, this chapter illustrates the most important aspects to be considered. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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