Jupiter's Temperate Belt/Zone Contrasts Revealed at Depth by Juno Microwave Observations

Autor: Glenn S. Orton, Leigh N. Fletcher, Michael H. Wong, Michael Allison, Steven Levin, Zhimeng Zhang, Eli Galanti, Andrew P. Ingersoll, Fabiano Oyafuso, Yohai Kaspi, Keren Duer, Scott Bolton, Cheng Li, Tristan Guillot, Liming Li
Přispěvatelé: Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Mean kinetic temperature
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Galileo Probe
[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
FOS: Physical sciences
Atmospheric sciences
01 natural sciences
Troposphere
Jupiter
Geochemistry and Petrology
0103 physical sciences
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Precipitation
14. Life underwater
010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR]
Microwave radiometer
Thermal wind
Geophysics
Space and Planetary Science
13. Climate action
Brightness temperature
Physics::Space Physics
Geology
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Zdroj: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets
Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets, Wiley-Blackwell, 2021, 126 (10), ⟨10.1029/2021JE006858⟩
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
ISSN: 2169-9097
2169-9100
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2110.14620
Popis: Juno Microwave Radiometer (MWR) observations of Jupiter's mid-latitudes reveal a strong correlation between brightness temperature contrasts and zonal winds, confirming that the banded structure extends throughout the troposphere. However, the microwave brightness gradient is observed to change sign with depth: the belts are microwave-bright in the $p10$ bar range. The transition level (which we call the jovicline) is evident in the MWR 11.5 cm channel, which samples the 5-14 bar range when using the limb-darkening at all emission angles. The transition is located between 4 and 10 bars, and implies that belts change with depth from being NH$_3$-depleted to NH$_3$-enriched, or from physically-warm to physically-cool, or more likely a combination of both. The change in character occurs near the statically stable layer associated with water condensation. The implications of the transition are discussed in terms of ammonia redistribution via meridional circulation cells with opposing flows above and below the water condensation layer, and in terms of the `mushball' precipitation model, which predicts steeper vertical ammonia gradients in the belts versus the zones. We show via the moist thermal wind equation that both the temperature and ammonia interpretations can lead to vertical shear on the zonal winds, but the shear is $\sim50\times$ weaker if only NH$_3$ gradients are considered. Conversely, if MWR observations are associated with kinetic temperature gradients then it would produce zonal winds that increase in strength down to the jovicline, consistent with Galileo probe measurements; then decay slowly at higher pressures.
Published in JGR: Planets
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: