Coupling dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry: An oxymoron?
| Autor: | Luis Gras, Daniel Torregrosa, Guillermo Grindlay, David Álvarez Martínez, Juan Mora |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Espectrometría Atómica Analítica (GEAA) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Aqueous solution
Chemistry Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction 010401 analytical chemistry Analytical chemistry Sample preparation Flow-injection 02 engineering and technology 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Analytical Chemistry Solvent chemistry.chemical_compound Nitric acid Elemental analysis Metals Hexafluorophosphate Química Analítica Inductively coupled plasma 0210 nano-technology Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Atomic emission spectrometry |
| Zdroj: | RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante Universidad de Alicante (UA) |
| Popis: | Coupling dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is usually troublesome due to the limited plasma tolerance to the organic solvents usually employed for metal extraction. This work explores different coupling strategies allowing the multi-element determination by ICP-AES of the solutions obtained after DLLME procedures. To this end, three of the most common extractant solvents in DLLME procedures (1-undecanol, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate and chloroform) have been selected to face most of the main problems reported in DLLME-ICP-AES coupling (i.e., those arising from the high solvent viscosity and volatility). Results demonstrate that DLLME can be successfully coupled to ICP-AES after a careful optimization of the experimental conditions. Thus, elemental analysis in 1-undecanol and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate extracts can be achieved by ICP-AES after a simple dilution step with methanol (1:0.5). Chloroform can be directly introduced into the plasma with minimum changes in the ICP-AES configuration usually employed when operating with aqueous solutions. Diluted inorganic acid solutions (1% w w−1 either nitric or hydrochloric acids) have been successfully tested for the first time as a carrier for the introduction of organic extractants in ICP-AES. The coupling strategies proposed have been successfully applied to the multi-element analysis (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn) of different water samples (i.e. marine, tap and river) by DLLME-ICP-AES. The authors would like to thank the Generalitat Valenciana (Project GV/2014/138) for the financial support of this work. D. Martínez and D. Torregrosa also thank the University of Alicante for the research fellowships (UAFPU2015-5998 and AII16-33). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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