Reliability and validity of measures of impulsive choice and impulsive action in smokers trying to quit
| Autor: | Shruti G. Nadkarni, Haruka Minami, Krysten W. Bold, Danielle E. McCarthy, Gretchen B. Chapman, Vivian M. Yeh, Emily Rutten |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Predictive validity Cross-sectional study medicine.medical_treatment media_common.quotation_subject 030508 substance abuse Test validity Choice Behavior Article Nicotine Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Predictive Value of Tests medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Young adult media_common Pharmacology Reproducibility of Results Middle Aged Abstinence Inhibition Psychological Psychiatry and Mental health Cross-Sectional Studies Logistic Models Delay Discounting Disinhibition Behavior Rating Scale Impulsive Behavior behavior and behavior mechanisms Smoking cessation Female Smoking Cessation medicine.symptom 0305 other medical science Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 24:120-130 |
| ISSN: | 1936-2293 1064-1297 |
| DOI: | 10.1037/pha0000061 |
| Popis: | Cross-sectional research suggests that smokers are more impulsive than are non-smokers, but few studies have examined relations between impulsiveness and later success in quitting smoking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and predictive validity of facets of impulsiveness in adult smokers trying to quit. Baseline behavioral measures of impulsive choice (assessed with a delay discounting task) and impulsive action (assessed with a measure of behavioral disinhibition) were used as predictors of smoking cessation success over 12 weeks. The sample included 116 adult (18 years old or older) daily smokers from central New Jersey. Impulsive choice, impulsive action, and self-reported impulsiveness were not significantly related to one another at baseline. Impulsive choice had high test-retest reliability from pre- to post-quit, whereas impulsive action was less stable. Test-retest reliability from pre-quit to three weeks post-quit was moderated by achievement of seven-day abstinence. Baseline impulsive action was significantly negatively related to quitting for at least one day in the first two weeks of a quit attempt and of prolonged abstinence (no relapse over the next 10 weeks). Baseline impulsive choice was robustly associated with biochemically verified seven-day point-prevalence abstinence 12 weeks post-quit, such that those with lower delay discounting were more likely to achieve abstinence. Facets of impulsiveness appear to function largely independently in adult smokers, as indicated by their lack of inter-correlation, differential stability, and differential relations with abstinence. Impulsive action may impede initial quitting, whereas impulsive choice may be an obstacle to maintaining lasting abstinence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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