Etiologic agents of central nervous system infections among febrile hospitalized patients in the country of Georgia

Autor: Matthew J. Hepburn, Lela Dzigua, Guillermo Pimentel, Emily Rowlinson, Nino Macharashvili, Tamar Akhvlediani, Engy E. Habashy, Margaret Farrell, Paata Imnadze, Nana Tatishvili, Brent House, Christian T. Bautista, Rusudan Chlikadze, Natia Dvali, L. Gatserelia, Tamar Samkharadze, Tamar Davitashvili, Roman R. Shakarishvili, Erica Dueger, Robert G. Rivard, Nana B. Kvirkvelia, Tengiz Tsertsvadze, Mariam Karchava, James J. Sejvar
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2014
Předmět:
Male
Herpesvirus 3
Human
Microbiological culture
Epidemiology
Herpesvirus 2
Human
viruses
lcsh:Medicine
Herpesvirus 1
Human
Plant Science
Neisseria meningitidis
medicine.disease_cause
Georgia (Republic)
Cohort Studies
Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System
Meningoencephalitis
Medicine and Health Sciences
Child
lcsh:Science
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Enterovirus
Multidisciplinary
Hospitalization
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Infectious Diseases
Child
Preschool
Encephalitis
Female
Meningitis
Research Article
Adult
DNA
Bacterial
Adolescent
Patients
Mumps virus
Disease Surveillance
Biology
Young Adult
medicine
Humans
lcsh:R
Varicella zoster virus
Biology and Life Sciences
Plant Pathology
medicine.disease
Haemophilus influenzae
Virology
Infectious Disease Surveillance
DNA
Viral
Immunology
lcsh:Q
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 11, p e111393 (2014)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: OBJECTIVES: There is a large spectrum of viral, bacterial, fungal, and prion pathogens that cause central nervous system (CNS) infections. As such, identification of the etiological agent requires multiple laboratory tests and accurate diagnosis requires clinical and epidemiological information. This hospital-based study aimed to determine the main causes of acute meningitis and encephalitis and enhance laboratory capacity for CNS infection diagnosis. METHODS: Children and adults patients clinically diagnosed with meningitis or encephalitis were enrolled at four reference health centers. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for bacterial culture, and in-house and multiplex RT-PCR testing was conducted for herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, mumps virus, enterovirus, varicella zoster virus (VZV), Streptococcus pneumoniae, HiB and Neisseria meningitidis. RESULTS: Out of 140 enrolled patients, the mean age was 23.9 years, and 58% were children. Bacterial or viral etiologies were determined in 51% of patients. Five Streptococcus pneumoniae cultures were isolated from CSF. Based on in-house PCR analysis, 25 patients were positive for S. pneumoniae, 6 for N. meningitidis, and 1 for H. influenzae. Viral multiplex PCR identified infections with enterovirus (n = 26), VZV (n = 4), and HSV-1 (n = 2). No patient was positive for mumps or HSV-2. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings indicate that S. pneumoniae and enteroviruses are the main etiologies in this patient cohort. The utility of molecular diagnostics for pathogen identification combined with the knowledge provided by the investigation may improve health outcomes of CNS infection cases in Georgia.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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