A Preliminary Investigation of Deficits in Executive Functions of Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
| Autor: | Ghazaleh Zargarinejad, Javad Alaghband-Rad, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Behnoosh Dashti, Parvaneh Farhadbeigi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Neuropsychological Tests Impulsivity behavioral disciplines and activities Executive Function 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Rating scale mental disorders medicine Humans Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Cognitive Dysfunction Cognitive flexibility Neuropsychology medicine.disease Executive functions 030227 psychiatry Test (assessment) Psychiatry and Mental health Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Case-Control Studies Female medicine.symptom Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology Stroop effect |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease. 209:35-39 |
| ISSN: | 1539-736X 0022-3018 |
| Popis: | Several studies over the past two decades have investigated the neuropsychological deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but much less has been done on adults. This study aimed to assess the deficits in executive functions of adults with ADHD, especially in the areas of attention, inhibition, impulsivity, and planning. Twenty-four adults (18 years and older) diagnosed with ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition criteria, and also assessed with Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale, participated in the study. Executive functions in cases were compared with 20 matched controls through the three instruments of Tower of London (TOL), Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and Stroop test. Performance of cases was weaker than that of the control group in TOL. The difference was significant in subsequent thinking time in most of the trials and number of movements only at level 2. In CPT, the adults with ADHD made more commission errors. In addition, the ADHD cases made more errors in the word card of the Stroop test, and the time they spent reading all three cards was significantly longer than that of the control group. Our study suggests that several deficits in executive functions related to ADHD persist into adulthood, such as impairments in planning time and set shifting, response inhibition, impulsivity, and visuolingual processing. However, simple (visual-motor processing) and sustained attention might improve with age. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|