Typhoid fever in the park: Epidemiology of an outbreak at a cultural interface
| Autor: | Donald Robinson, Diane Dwyer, Timothy J. Barrett, Timothy R. Coté, Alan Ries, William Furlong, L. Frank, John T. Horan, Helen Convery |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Risk Veterinary medicine medicine.medical_specialty Health (social science) Adolescent Picnic Typhoid fever Disease Outbreaks food Environmental health Epidemiology El Salvador medicine Humans Potato salad Typhoid Fever Child Holidays Maryland business.industry Carrier state Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Infant Outbreak Emigration and Immigration Middle Aged Salmonella typhi medicine.disease food.food Child Preschool Population Surveillance Relative risk Carrier State Female Salmonella Food Poisoning business RECENT IMMIGRANT |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Community Health. 20:451-458 |
| ISSN: | 1573-3610 0094-5145 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/bf02277062 |
| Popis: | The number of reported outbreaks of typhoid fever in the United States has recently increased. Only six were reported from 1980-1989, but seven outbreaks were reported in 1990. In August 1990, health officials in Montgomery County, Maryland, were notified of two cases of typhoid fever among persons who had attended both a family picnic attended by 60 persons and a Latin Food Festival attended by 100,000 people. We obtained interviews, blood and stool cultures, and Vi serologies from attendees at and food handlers for the picnic. We defined cases as culture-confirmed or probable. Of the 60 picnic attendees, 24 (40%) had cases, of which 16 were culture confirmed. Those who ate potato salad were at increased risk of disease (17/32 vs. 6/28, relative risk [RR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-5.4). Picnic attendees who also attended the Latin Food Festival were not at significantly greater risk of disease than those who did not, (11/22 vs. 13/38, RR = 1.5, CI = 0.8-2.7) and we found no evidence of disease among other festival attendees. The potato salad was prepared with intensive handling and without adequate temperature control by a recent immigrant from El Salvador who was asymptomatic, did not attend the picnic, had Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) in her stool, and had elevated Vi antibodies, strongly suggestive of the carrier state. Outbreaks of typhoid fever are a threat for cosmopolitan communities. While currently available control measures are unlikely to prevent all outbreaks, thorough investigation can identify previously unrecognized carriers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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