Cancer stem cells-driven tumor growth and immune escape: the Janus face of neurotrophins
| Autor: | P. Tirassa, Massimo Ralli, Alessandro Lambiase, Valentina Carito, Marco Fiore, Viviana Triaca, Pamela Rosso, Antonio Greco, Elena Fico |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
cancer stem cells
Aging NGF cancer innervation immunesurveillance tumor microenvironment Review Immune system Cancer stem cell Neoplasms Humans Medicine Nerve Growth Factors immune surveillance Tumor microenvironment biology business.industry Cancer Cell Biology medicine.disease Nerve growth factor Immunoediting Cancer cell Neoplastic Stem Cells biology.protein Cancer research business Neurotrophin |
| Zdroj: | Aging (Albany NY) Aging (Albany, N.Y. Online) 11 (2019). doi:10.18632/aging.102499 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Triaca V, Carito V, Fico E, Rosso P, Fiore M, Ralli M, Lambiase A, Greco A, Tirassa P./titolo:Cancer stem cells-driven tumor growth and immune escape: the Janus face of neurotrophins/doi:10.18632%2Faging.102499/rivista:Aging (Albany, N.Y. Online)/anno:2019/pagina_da:/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:/volume:11 |
| ISSN: | 1945-4589 |
| DOI: | 10.18632/aging.102499 |
| Popis: | Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are self-renewing cancer cells responsible for expansion of the malignant mass in a dynamic process shaping the tumor microenvironment. CSCs may hijack the host immune surveillance resulting in typically aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. In this review, we focus on neurotrophic control of cellular substrates and molecular mechanisms involved in CSC-driven tumor growth as well as in host immune surveillance. Neurotrophins have been demonstrated to be key tumor promoting signaling platforms. Particularly, Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and its specific receptor Tropomyosin related kinase A (TrkA) have been implicated in initiation and progression of many aggressive cancers. On the other hand, an active NGF pathway has been recently proven to be critical to oncogenic inflammation control and in promoting immune response against cancer, pinpointing possible pro-tumoral effects of NGF/TrkA-inhibitory therapy. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of tumor growth/immunoediting is essential to identify new predictive and prognostic intervention and to design more effective therapies. Fine and timely modulation of CSCs-driven tumor growth and of peripheral lymph nodes activation by the immune system will possibly open the way to precision medicine in neurotrophic therapy and improve patient’s prognosis in both TrkA- dependent and independent cancers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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