Attentional alterations in alcohol dependence are underpinned by specific executive control deficits
| Autor: | Pierre Maurage, Joël Billieux, Marie Collignon, Alexandre Heeren, Philippe de Timary |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Medicine (miscellaneous) Alcohol use disorder Neuropsychological Tests Toxicology Task (project management) Executive Function Orientation (mental) medicine Reaction Time Humans Attention Control (linguistics) Alcohol dependence Attentional control Middle Aged medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health Alcoholism Frontal lobe Case-Control Studies Female Psychology Cognition Disorders Psychopathology Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research. 38(7) |
| ISSN: | 1530-0277 |
| Popis: | INTRODUCTION: This study aimed at exploring the integrity of the attentional system in alcohol-dependence with a unitary and theoretically-grounded task. Attentional biases and deficits play a central role in the maintenance of alcohol-dependence but have been little explored. The Attention Network Test was used to precisely explore attentional alterations among alcohol-dependent participants, and centrally the differential deficit across three attentional networks (alerting, orienting, executive control). METHOD: 30 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals were compared to 30 matched healthy controls. The Attention Network Test was administered. This task requires identifying the orientation of a central arrow replacing a cue and which is surrounded by flankers. On this basis, performance indexes (accuracy and reaction time) were computed for the three attention networks. RESULTS: Alcohol-dependent individuals showed a differential deficit across attention networks as compared to controls, with a preserved performance for alerting and orienting networks but impaired executive control (p < 0.001). This deficit was not related to psychopathological comorbidities but was correlated with the duration and intensity of alcohol consumption habits. CONCLUSION: Attentional alterations in alcohol-dependence are centrally due to a specific alteration of executive control. Intervention programs focusing on executive components of attention should be promoted, and these results support the frontal lobe hypothesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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