Association between preventive behaviour and anxiety at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia
| Autor: | Ivan Verdenik, Vislava Globevnik Velikonja, Karmen Erjavec, Nevenka Kregar Velikonja, Mohsen Hussein |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
sars-cov-2 epidemic 030231 tropical medicine Population Disease Computer-assisted web interviewing Affect (psychology) 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine perceived cov-2 Pandemic infectability medicine preventivno vedenje 030212 general & internal medicine Psychiatry education preventive behaviour education.field_of_study percepcija dovzetnosti za okužbo business.industry javno zdravje Public health Social distance public health Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health anksioznost anxiety epidemija sars preventive measures Anxiety Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 medicine.symptom business Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Slovenian Journal of Public Health, Vol 60, Iss 1, Pp 17-24 (2020) Slovenian Journal of Public Health |
| ISSN: | 1854-2476 |
| DOI: | 10.2478/sjph-2021-0004 |
| Popis: | The first large outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in Europe occurred in Northern Italy in February 2020. The relatively fast spread of the infection to Slovenia was expected, and preventive measures for its suppression were widely discussed.An online questionnaire was designed to evaluate adherence to preventive measures and the extent to which the taking of preventive measures was associated with people's anxiety level, psychological burden, their perceived vulnerability to disease, germ aversion and a number of demographic characteristics in the early stage of Covid-19 spread. The survey was active for 24 hours (13-14 March 2020). There were 12,307 responses and 7,764 questionnaires were completed in full.Higher preventive behaviour was found in individuals who experienced greater psychological distress, were more anxious, and expressed greater perceived infectability and germ aversion. Greater compliance with preventive behaviour was found among women, those sharing a household with people aged over 65, the elderly and those who knew somebody who had been infected. These groups also showed higher anxiety levels, which appeared to be significantly increased in general as a result of the specific situation. Quarantine was evaluated as the most efficient preventive measure, and was respected relatively strictly even before it became an officially announced protective measure.This research reveals a strong association between preventive behaviour and anxiety. Anxiety, together with social distancing, may affect physical and psychological health in the population in the long term. Other aspects of public health might therefore be influenced by the measures currently being enforced to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.Prvi večji izbruh koronavirusa SARS-CoV-2 v Evropi se je zgodil februarja 2020 na severu Italije. Ker sta Slovenija in Italija sosednji državi z relativno visoko stopnjo prehajanja meje, ki je še izrazitejše v času zimske turistične sezone, je bilo pričakovati razmeroma hitro širjenje okužbe v Slovenijo. V strokovni in laični javnosti se je razvila široka razprava o preventivnih ukrepih za omejevanje širjenja okužbe. Namen raziskave je bil v splošni javnosti oceniti izvajanje preventivnih ukrepov ter povezanost upoštevanja preventivnih ukrepov z doživljanjem situacije in nekaterimi demografskimi značilnostmi v zgodnji fazi širjenja covida-19 v Sloveniji.Anketni vprašalnik je vseboval sklope vprašanj o upoštevanju preventivnih ukrepov, mnenju o učinkovitosti preventivnih ukrepov, vprašalnik za oceno anksioznosti, samooceno psihološke obremenitve, vprašalnik za oceno dojemanja dovzetnosti za okužbo in averzije do potencialno kužnih predmetov ter demografske značilnosti respodentov. Spletni vprašalnik je bil razširjen preko elektronskih medijev z metodo snežene kepe. Raziskava je bila aktivna 24 ur (13. in 14. marca 2020). Odzvalo se je 12.307 respondentov, v celoti je bilo izpolnjenih 7.764 vprašalnikov.Posamezniki, ki doživljajo večjo psihično stisko, so bolj zaskrbljeni, se počutijo bolj dovzetne za okužbe in izražajo večjo averzijo do potencialno kužnih predmetov, v večji meri izvajajo preventivne ukrepe za preprečevanje širjenja okužb. O večjem upoštevanju preventivnih ukrepov so poročale ženske, osebe, ki živijo v skupnem gospodinjstvu s starejšimi od 65 let, starejši in tisti, ki poznajo koga, ki je okužen s SARS-CoV-2. Te skupine ljudi kažejo tudi višje stopnje anksioznosti, ki je bila v dani situaciji tudi na splošno znatno povečana. Karantena je bila ocenjena kot najučinkovitejši preventivni ukrep in respondenti so jo izvajali v velikem deležu, še preden je bila socialna izolacija uradno določena kot preventivni ukrep.Raziskava je pokazala statistično pomembno povezavo med preventivnim vedenjem in anksioznostjo ter drugimi vidiki doživljanja ob širjenju okužbe SARS-CoV-2. Anksioznost lahko skupaj s socialno izolacijo in pomanjkanjem socialnih interakcij dolgoročno vpliva na fizično in psihično zdravje, zato bo treba ukrepe za preprečevanje širjenja SARS-CoV-2, ki so bili uveljavljeni med epidemijo, obravnavati tudi v širšem kontekstu učinkov na javno zdravje. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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