Determination of linear and cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in blood of turtles, cormorants, and seals from Canada
| Autor: | Glenn C. Barrett, Mehran Alaee, Michel Lebeuf, Tommy Bisbicos, De-Gao Wang, Shane R. de Solla |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Canada
Environmental Engineering Siloxanes Seals Earless Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 010501 environmental sciences Quechers 01 natural sciences law.invention Birds chemistry.chemical_compound law biology.animal Animals Environmental Chemistry Marine ecosystem Turtle (robot) Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Volatile Organic Compounds Plasma samples biology 010401 analytical chemistry Significant difference Cormorant Contamination Pollution Turtles 0104 chemical sciences chemistry Environmental chemistry Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. 574:1254-1260 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| Popis: | We measured the concentrations of linear and cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (VMS) concentrations in the blood plasma of turtles, cormorants, and seals collected from Canadian freshwater and marine ecosystems. A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was developed to quantify the levels of linear and cyclic VMS in the plasma samples. The cyclic VMS of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) were present in the plasma of all three species. Linear VMS compounds were observed only in seal plasma from one contaminated site. There was no statistically significant difference among species and locations for D3, D4, and D6 concentrations. Average D5 concentrations ranged from 0.143 to 7.39ngg-1; these concentrations appeared to be associated with diffuse/urban sources. Snapping turtles, cormorants, and seals all exhibited elevated D5 concentrations in contaminated sites relative to the reference sites. Our data indicate that local urban sources of VMS contributed significantly to the observed D5 concentrations in free-ranging wildlife. The presence of cyclic VMS in the plasma of the three species from Canada demonstrates that these chemicals are ubiquitous in aquatic biological systems. This finding raises concerns regarding their persistence in freshwater and marine environments. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first measurements of VMS compounds in the plasma of reptiles, birds, and mammals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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