New psychoactive versus conventional stimulants - a ten-year review of casework in Hungary
| Autor: | Ágnes Lakatos, Anikó Lajtai, Attila Miseta, Mátyás Mayer, Mónika Kuzma |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Time Factors
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone Phenethylamines Urine 01 natural sciences Pathology and Forensic Medicine Drug Users 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Mephedrone Tandem Mass Spectrometry Humans Medicine 030216 legal & forensic medicine Amphetamine Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Hungary Psychotropic Drugs Traditional medicine Illicit Drugs business.industry 010401 analytical chemistry Forensic toxicology MDMA Methamphetamine Body Fluids 0104 chemical sciences Substance Abuse Detection Issues ethics and legal aspects Central Nervous System Stimulants Crime business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Legal Medicine. 47:101780 |
| ISSN: | 1344-6223 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101780 |
| Popis: | New psychoactive stimulants appeared in Hungary in 2010 as in several other European countries. We present our findings from cases where new psychoactive and conventional stimulants (we listed amphetamine, methamphetamine and MDMA as conventional drugs) have been detected in biological specimens between 2010 and 2019. Materials Biological samples (including urine, blood and body tissues), sent to the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Pecs, South-West Hungary, in the period 2010–2019. Method High performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD); supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS). Results During the nine-year period between 2010 and 2019, we found new stimulants in 973 (21.1%) cases, and conventional stimulants in 658 (14.2%) cases (out of 4604 analyses −100%- of samples sent to the laboratory for toxicology screening). 594 (12.9%) of all cases were post mortem analyses. The new drugs we’ve detected could be classified into three groups based on their chemical structure: cathinones (in 960 from our cases), substituted phenethylamines (8), and tryptamines (5). The most frequently identified new psychoactive stimulants were (in the order of decreasing frequency): pentedrone (2 6 2), mephedrone (1 8 8), N-ethylhexedrone (1 2 6), methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV; 98), α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (alpha-PVP; 93), 4-CMC (35). Conclusion The new substances were detected in highest proportion in 2011; by 2018, the number of conventional drugs exceeded the new stimulants in our cases. According to the data of the Hungarian seizures, the decrease was predictable: from 2015, the seizures of traditional stimulants exceeded the seizures of new stimulants. In 2019 the new stimulants were dominated again among the detected substances in the samples. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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