The Earliest Horse Harnessing and Milking

Autor:	Richard P. Evershed, Sandra L. Olsen, Natalie A. Stear, Robin Bendrey, Alan K. Outram, Victor Zaibert, Nick Thorpe, Alexei Kasparov
Rok vydání:	2009
Předmět:	Multidisciplinary Central asia Horse Zoology Agriculture Chalcolithic Metacarpal Bones Biology Lipids Molar Kazakhstan Milking Prehistory Milk Bronze Age Animals Domestic Animals Female Horses Seasons Animal Husbandry Domestication History Ancient
Zdroj:	Science. 323:1332-1335
ISSN:	1095-9203 0036-8075
DOI:	10.1126/science.1168594
Popis:	Horse domestication revolutionized transport, communications, and warfare in prehistory, yet the identification of early domestication processes has been problematic. Here, we present three independent lines of evidence demonstrating domestication in the Eneolithic Botai Culture of Kazakhstan, dating to about 3500 B.C.E. Metrical analysis of horse metacarpals shows that Botai horses resemble Bronze Age domestic horses rather than Paleolithic wild horses from the same region. Pathological characteristics indicate that some Botai horses were bridled, perhaps ridden. Organic residue analysis, using δ 13 C and δD values of fatty acids, reveals processing of mare's milk and carcass products in ceramics, indicating a developed domestic economy encompassing secondary products.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b09ec1a436b6f3cce8d61036e0a2ac09 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1168594 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF