Biomarkers for Temporomandibular Disorders: Current Status and Future Directions

Autor: Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad, Jawaad Ahmed Asif, Abdalwhab Zwiri, Suan Phaik Khoo, Adam Husein, Nur Karyatee Kassim, Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh, Zuryati Ab-Ghani
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Diagnostics
Diagnostics, Vol 10, Iss 303, p 303 (2020)
ISSN: 2075-4418
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10050303
Popis: Numerous studies have been conducted in the previous years with an objective to determine the ideal biomarker or set of biomarkers in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). It was recorded that tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-6, and IL-1 were the most common biomarkers of TMDs. As of recently, although the research on TMDs biomarkers still aims to find more diagnostic agents, no recent study employs the biomarker as a targeting point of pharmacotherapy to suppress the inflammatory responses. This article represents an explicit review on the biomarkers of TMDs that have been discovered so far and provides possible future directions towards further research on these biomarkers. The potential implementation of the interactions of TNF with its receptor 2 (TNFR2) in the inflammatory process has been interpreted, and thus, this review presents a new hypothesis towards suppression of the inflammatory response using TNFR2-agonist. Subsequently, this hypothesis could be explored as a potential pain elimination approach in patients with TMDs.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje