First evidence of Besnoitia bennetti infection (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Belgium

Autor: Adriana Nabuco, Irène Tosi, E. Liénard, Caroline Vanvinckenroye, Michel Franc, F. Prevot, Sophie Vandenabeele, Yannick Caron, Shukri Sharif, Bertrand Losson, Emilie Bouhsira
Přispěvatelé: Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université de Liège, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
Veterinary medicine
OUTBREAK
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Polymerase Chain Reaction
DISEASE
Besnoitia bennetti
Besnoitiosis
Donkey
Europe
Scleral and labial cysts
0403 veterinary science
Belgium
Phylogeny
biology
medicine.diagnostic_test
Besnoitia
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
030108 mycology & parasitology
3. Good health
Infectious Diseases
MINIATURE DONKEYS
Sarcocystidae
Female
France
040301 veterinary sciences
DNA
Ribosomal
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
03 medical and health sciences
Trimethoprim
Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
medicine
SARCOCYSTIDAE
Animals
lcsh:RC109-216
Veterinary Sciences
Base Sequence
Coccidiosis
Research
BOVINE BESNOITIOSIS
Equidae
DNA
Protozoan
biology.organism_classification
Equus asinus
Skin biopsy
ANTIBODIES
Protozoa
Parasitology
Zdroj: Parasites and Vectors 1 (11), 427. (2018)
Parasites and Vectors
Parasites and Vectors, BioMed Central, 2018, 11 (1), pp.427. ⟨10.1186/s13071-018-2993-3⟩
Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & Vectors, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2018)
PARASITES & VECTORS
ISSN: 1756-3305
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2993-3⟩
Popis: Background Besnoitiosis is caused by different species of intracellular protozoan parasites belonging to the family Sarcocystidae and affecting multiple host species worldwide. Including B. besnoiti, ten species are described infecting animals. Among ungulates, Besnoitia bennetti infects horses, donkeys and zebras and was described in Africa and in the USA where donkey besnoitiosis is considered as an emerging disease. Case presentation A two-year-old male donkey was purchased in May 2016 in poor body condition (cachexia, alopetic areas and pruritus mainly on neck and head) by the present owner in Le Roeulx (Belgium) from a milk producing donkey farm in Frasnes-lez-Buissenal (Belgium). Shortly after its purchase and shearing, the donkey presented with crusts, hyperkeratosis (both flanks and neck) anorexia and cachexia. A treatment with phoxim was given with no improvement. A cutaneous biopsy of hyperkeratotic skin was performed in July. It showed a perivascular eosinophilic infiltrate with a large thick walled cyst located in the dermis containing numerous bradyzoites. This was highly suggestive of besnoitiosis. Several skin biopsy samples were obtained for qPCR analysis and confirmed the presence of Besnoitia spp. DNA. Further laboratory diagnosis tests were performed (western blot and rDNA sequencing) confirming Besnoitia bennetti aetiology for the male. For the female, the punch-biopsy, haematology and qPCR were negatives but the western blot showed the presence of antibodies directed to Besnoitia spp. Further clinical examination performed in August highlighted scleral pinhead sized cysts (pearl) in the right eye and between nares. Another ten-year-old female donkey purchased in France and sharing the same accommodation showed a good clinical condition, but a thorough clinical examination showed the presence of numerous cysts on the inner face of upper labial mucosa. A daily treatment based on sulfamethaxzole and trimethoprim (Emdotrim 60% Mix®, 30 mg/kg) was given orally and some improvement was noticed. Conclusion This is the first evidence of Besnoitia bennetti infection (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Belgium. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2993-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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