Estimating the effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol on stochastic population growth rate of fathead minnows: a population synthesis of empirically derived vital rates
| Autor: | Adam R. Schwindt, Dana L. Winkelman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Male Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Population Cyprinidae Fresh Water 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law Toxicology Ethinyl Estradiol 01 natural sciences Mesocosm biology.animal Population growth Animals education Population Growth 0105 earth and related environmental sciences education.field_of_study biology Ecology 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Reproduction Estrogens General Medicine Minnow Population decline Population model Female Vital rates Pimephales promelas Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Ecotoxicology (London, England). 25(7) |
| ISSN: | 1573-3017 |
| Popis: | Urban freshwater streams in arid climates are wastewater effluent dominated ecosystems particularly impacted by bioactive chemicals including steroid estrogens that disrupt vertebrate reproduction. However, more understanding of the population and ecological consequences of exposure to wastewater effluent is needed. We used empirically derived vital rate estimates from a mesocosm study to develop a stochastic stage-structured population model and evaluated the effect of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), the estrogen in human contraceptive pills, on fathead minnow Pimephales promelas stochastic population growth rate. Tested EE2 concentrations ranged from 3.2 to 10.9 ng L(-1) and produced stochastic population growth rates (λ S ) below 1 at the lowest concentration, indicating potential for population decline. Declines in λ S compared to controls were evident in treatments that were lethal to adult males despite statistically insignificant effects on egg production and juvenile recruitment. In fact, results indicated that λ S was most sensitive to the survival of juveniles and female egg production. More broadly, our results document that population model results may differ even when empirically derived estimates of vital rates are similar among experimental treatments, and demonstrate how population models integrate and project the effects of stressors throughout the life cycle. Thus, stochastic population models can more effectively evaluate the ecological consequences of experimentally derived vital rates. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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