Sociodemographic Predictors of Outcomes in COVID-19: Examining the Impact of Ethnic Disparities in Northern Nevada
| Autor: | Sri Harsha Boppana, Mohammad Salman Sheikh, Mark B. Ulanja, Daniel Antwi-Amoabeng, Munadel Awad, Zahara Kanji, Nageshwara Gullapalli, Sumaiya Mahboob, Bryce D Beutler, Jasmine Ghuman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Population coronavirus Psychological intervention Ethnic group Infectious Disease Logistic regression Pandemic Internal Medicine Medicine education Health policy education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) ethnic disaprities General Engineering covid health policy Retrospective cohort study medicine.disease Obesity sars-cov-2 covid-19 Epidemiology/Public Health racial disparities business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Cureus |
| ISSN: | 2168-8184 |
| DOI: | 10.7759/cureus.13128 |
| Popis: | BackgroundOn March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Nearly five million individuals have since been diagnosed with this increasingly common and potentially lethal viral infection. Emerging evidence suggests a disproportionate burden of illness and death among minority communities. We aimed to evaluate the effect of ethnicity on outcomes among patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Northern Nevada.DesignSingle-center, retrospective observational studyMaterials and methodsThe electronic health records of 172 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were obtained from a 946-bed tertiary referral center serving Northern Nevada. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared by ethnic group (Hispanic versus non-Hispanic). Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of mortality.ResultsAmong 172 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 12th and May 8th, 2020, 87 (50.6%) identified as Hispanic and 81 (47.1%) as non-Hispanic. The mean age was 46.0 among Hispanics and 55.8 among non-Hispanics. Comorbidities linked to increased COVID-19-related mortality – hypertension, obesity, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – were more common among the non-Hispanic population. Hispanic individuals were significantly more likely to be uninsured and to live in low-income communities as compared to their non-Hispanic counterparts (27.6% versus 8.2% and 52.9% versus 30.6%, respectively). Hispanic patients were also less likely than non-Hispanics to have a primary care provider (42.5% versus 61.2%). However, mortality was significantly higher among the non-Hispanic population (15.3% versus 5.8%).ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected Hispanic individuals in Northern Nevada, who account for only 25.7% of the population but over half of the confirmed cases. Hispanic individuals were younger and had fewer comorbidities than their non-Hispanic counterparts; consequently, despite considerable socioeconomic disadvantage, mortality was lower among the Hispanic population. The underlying causes of ethnic disparities in COVID-19 incidence remain to be established, but further investigation may lead to more effective community- and systems-based interventions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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