Species specificity and sexual dimorphism in tooth shape among the three sympatric haplochromine species in Lake Kivu cichlids
| Autor: | Wilson W. L. Jere, Philippe Munyandamutsa, Daud Kassam, Austin Mtethiwa |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
elliptic fourier analysis Zoology Haplochromis Haplochromis kamiranzovu 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences stomatognathic system lcsh:QH540-549.5 Littoral zone Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Original Research 030304 developmental biology Nature and Landscape Conservation 0303 health sciences Ecology biology Pelagic zone tooth shape biology.organism_classification Sexual dimorphism Haplochromine stomatognathic diseases Habitat Lake Kivu Sympatric speciation lcsh:Ecology |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 12, Pp 5694-5711 (2020) Ecology and Evolution |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| Popis: | Tooth shape is used to differentiate between morphologically similar species of vertebrates, including fish. This study aimed to quantify tooth shape of three sympatric species: Haplochromis kamiranzovu, H. insidiae, and H. astatodon endemic to Lake Kivu, whose existing identification criteria are currently only qualitative. A quantitative tooth shape analysis was performed based on digitized tooth outline data with a subsequent elliptic Fourier analysis to test for differences among the three species. We looked at crown shape and size differences within H. kamiranzovu and H. insidiae at geographical, habitat, and gender levels. No comparison at habitat level was done for H. astatodon because it is found only in littoral zone. The analysis revealed significant tooth shape differences among the three species. Haplochromis astatodon had a significantly longer major cusp height and a longer and larger minor cusp than that of H. insidiae. It had also a longer major cusp height and a longer and larger minor cusp than that of H. kamiranzovu. Tooth shape differences of H. kamiranzovu and H. insidiae species were not significantly different between littoral and pelagic fish (p > .05) while differences were significant between southern and northern Lake Kivu populations (p .05). Tooth shape was also significantly different with sharp teeth for males compared with females of southern populations versus northern ones. These shape‐ and size‐related differences between sexes suggest differences in the foraging strategies toward available food resources in the lake habitat. Further research should explain the genetic basis of the observed pattern. We quantified tooth shape trait to distinguish the three morphological similar Haplochromis kamiranzovu, H. insidiae, and H. astatodon) endemic to Lake Kivu. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text