Maximization of fertility transfers from rangeland to cropland: The contribution of control theory
Autor: | Anne Bisson, Tanguy Daufresne, Simon Boudsocq, Céline Casenave |
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Přispěvatelé: | Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Agropolis Fondation Project ECOW (reference ID 1605-039), « Investissements d 'avenir », ANR-13-AGRO-0002,CERAO,Auto-adaptation des agro-socio-écosystèmes tropicaux face aux changements globaux ? Etude à long terme en vue d'une intensification écologique de la production de céréales dans les zones de savanes en Afrique de l'Ouest.(2013), ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR Project CERAO (13AGRO0002), Agropolis Fondation Project ECOW (reference ID 1605-039), « Investissements d 'avenir » program (Labex Agro:ANR-10-LABX-0001-01), I-SITE MUSE (ANR-16-IDEX-0006), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) |
Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Crops
Agricultural 0301 basic medicine Statistics and Probability Biodiversité et Ecologie Automatic General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Grazing pressure [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic Biodiversity and Ecology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Nutrient Control theory Terminology as Topic Production (economics) contrôle automatique Biomass Automatique / Robotique automatic monitoring Ecosystem 2. Zero hunger General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry Applied Mathematics Agriculture Meta-ecosystem Fertility transfer Crop production General Medicine Models Theoretical 15. Life on land Manure Fertility 030104 developmental biology transfert de fertilité Modeling and Simulation Environmental science [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology Soil fertility Rangeland General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Mixed farming business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Journal of Theoretical Biology Journal of Theoretical Biology, Elsevier, 2019, 469, pp.187-200. ⟨10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.01.039⟩ Journal of Theoretical Biology, Elsevier, 2019, In Press, pp.1-61. ⟨10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.01.039⟩ Journal of Theoretical Biology (469), 187-200. (2019) Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2019, 469, pp.187-200. ⟨10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.01.039⟩ |
ISSN: | 0022-5193 1095-8541 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.01.039 |
Popis: | In traditional mixed farming systems, soil fertility in cropland relies on the transfer of fertility from rangeland through the transfer of manure produced by livestock that grazes in rangeland. In this work, we introduce a simple meta-ecosystem model in which the mixed farming system is represented by a cropland sub-system connected to a rangeland sub-system by nutrient fluxes. The livestock plays the role of nutrient-pump from the rangeland sub-system to the cropland sub-system. We use this model to study how spatial organization and practices of livestock management such as the control of grazing pressure and night corralling can help optimize both nutrient transfers and crop production. We argue that addressing the optimization of crop production requires different methods, depending on whether the agricultural practice in focus is constant or variable over time. We first used classical optimization methods at equilibrium to address optimization when the grazing pressure was assumed to be constant over time. Second, we address optimization for a more realistic configuration of our model, where grazing pressure was assumed to vary over the course of a year. In this case, we used methods developed in the field of the control theory. Classical methods showed the existence of an optimal level of constant grazing pressure that maximizes the transfers from rangeland to cropland, leading to the maximization of crop production. Control methods showed that by varying the grazing pressure adequately an additional gain of production is possible, with higher crop production and lower nutrient transfer from rangeland to cropland. This additional gain arises from the fact that the requirement of nutrient by crops is variable along the year. Consequently, a constant adjustment of the grazing pressure allows a better match between nutrient transfer and nutrient requirement over time, leading to a substantial gain of crop biomass. Our results provide new insights for a “smarter” management of fertility transfers leading to higher crop production with less rangeland surface. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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