Optogenetically stimulating intact rat corticospinal tract post-stroke restores motor control through regionalized functional circuit formation
| Autor: | Martin E. Schwab, Fritjof Helmchen, Benjamin V. Ineichen, Uta Büchler, Anna-Sophia Wahl, Hansjörg Kasper, André W. Brändli, Biagio Brattoli, Björn Ommer, Simon Musall |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of Zurich, Wahl, A S |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_treatment Pyramidal Tracts General Physics and Astronomy Stimulation Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation 0302 clinical medicine Medicine lcsh:Science Stroke Neurons Multidisciplinary Transcranial direct-current stimulation Motor Cortex Anatomy 3100 General Physics and Astronomy Biomechanical Phenomena Female Algorithms Science 610 Medicine & health 1600 General Chemistry Optogenetics General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Article 03 medical and health sciences 1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Gene silencing Animals Humans Rats Long-Evans 10242 Brain Research Institute business.industry Motor control General Chemistry Recovery of Function medicine.disease Axons Nerve Regeneration 030104 developmental biology Corticospinal tract Post stroke 570 Life sciences biology lcsh:Q business Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2017) Nature Communications Nature Communications, 8 (1) |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-017-01090-6 |
| Popis: | Current neuromodulatory strategies to enhance motor recovery after stroke often target large brain areas non-specifically and without sufficient understanding of their interaction with internal repair mechanisms. Here we developed a novel therapeutic approach by specifically activating corticospinal circuitry using optogenetics after large strokes in rats. Similar to a neuronal growth-promoting immunotherapy, optogenetic stimulation together with intense, scheduled rehabilitation leads to the restoration of lost movement patterns rather than induced compensatory actions, as revealed by a computer vision-based automatic behavior analysis. Optogenetically activated corticospinal neurons promote axonal sprouting from the intact to the denervated cervical hemi-cord. Conversely, optogenetically silencing subsets of corticospinal neurons in recovered animals, results in mistargeting of the restored grasping function, thus identifying the reestablishment of specific and anatomically localized cortical microcircuits. These results provide a conceptual framework to improve established clinical techniques such as transcranial magnetic or transcranial direct current stimulation in stroke patients. Nature Communications, 8 (1) ISSN:2041-1723 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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