Cytotoxicity and Pro-inflammatory Properties of Aliphatic Alpha, Beta-unsaturated Acid and Ester Monomers in RAW264.7 Cells and Their Chemical Reactivity
| Autor: | Akifumi Kawata, Seiichiro Fujisawa, Seiji Suzuki, Yukio Murakami |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II Methacrylate Medicinal chemistry General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Polyethylene Glycols 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Mice 0302 clinical medicine Polymethacrylic Acids Animals Humans Cytotoxicity Acrylic acid Cell Proliferation Pharmacology Inflammation Acrylate biology Chemistry Fatty Acids Nitric oxide synthase 2 Heme oxygenase Monomer RAW 264.7 Cells Methacrylic acid Acrylates Gene Expression Regulation Cyclooxygenase 2 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis biology.protein Methacrylates Heme Oxygenase-1 Research Article |
| Popis: | Background/aim α,β-Unsaturated ester monomers such as methyl methacrylates (MMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylates (2-HEMA), ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and triethyleneglycol dimetacrylate (TEGDMA) have been widely used in dentistry as dental materials. The present study was designed to clarify the proinflammatory activity of monomers. Materials and methods The cytotoxicity of the monomers and their effects on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2), nitric oxide synthase 2 (Nos2) and heme oxygenase 1 (Ho-1) mRNAs in RAW264.7 cells were determined using a cell counting kit and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results The cytotoxicity declined in the order n-butyl acrylate (nBA) > acrylic acid > TEGDMA > EGDMA > methacrylic acid ≈ 2-HEMA > lauryl methacrylate > nBMA > MMA. nBA and EGDMA at 1 mM up-regulated the expression of Cox2 mRNA. In contrast, 1 mM nBA and 10 mM 2-HEMA up-regulated the expression of Nos2 mRNA. Up-regulation of Ho-1 mRNA expression was found for 0.1 mM nBA, 1 mM EGDMA and 2 mM TEGDMA. The electrophilicity, ω was calculated on the basis of the density function theory BLYP/6-31G*. Conclusion nBA and EGDMA with high ω values exerted potent pro-inflammatory activities. nBA, EGDMA and TEGDMA upregulated Ho-1 gene expression. Ho-1 gene activation of monomers may promote resistance of chemical carcinogenesis in biological systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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