Anti-emetic prophylaxis with oral tropisetron and/or dexamethasone
| Autor: | Hinnerk Wulf, D M Maybauer, Leopold Eberhart, E Kleine Büning, Matthias Kalder, T. Koch, Benedikt J. Folz, Peter Kranke, M Kästner |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Indoles Nausea medicine.drug_class Clinical Biochemistry Population Tropisetron Remifentanil Administration Oral Placebo Biochemistry Severity of Illness Index Dexamethasone Fentanyl Double-Blind Method Risk Factors medicine Antiemetic Humans education education.field_of_study business.industry General Medicine Middle Aged Treatment Outcome Anesthesia Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Antiemetics Premedication Drug Therapy Combination Female medicine.symptom business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | European journal of clinical investigation. 36(8) |
| ISSN: | 0014-2972 |
| Popis: | Background The corticosteroid dexamethasone and the serotonine3-antagonist tropisetron are both effective drugs for the prophylaxis of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) when given intravenously. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the oral use of both drugs as part of a routine oral premedication and to compare their single and combined effectiveness. Materials and methods In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 320 inpatients with a moderate–high risk of PONV (≥ 40% according to two validated risk scores) received an oral premedication 1–2 h pre-operatively with placebo, a fixed dose of tropisetron 5 mg, dexamethasone 8 mg, or a combination of both drugs. A standardized general anaesthesia was performed, including benzodiazepine premedication, propofol, rocuronium, desflurane in air/O2, fentanyl or sufentanil followed by a continuous infusion of remifentanil. Post-operative analgesia and anti-emetic rescue medication were standardized. The main outcome measures were the severity of PONV within the first 24 h (rated by a standardized scoring algorithm). The incidence of PONV was used as the secondary outcome. Results Data from 310 patients were analyzed. The mean severity score in the placebo-, tropisetron-, dexamethasone- and the combined-groups was 1·37, 0·8, 0·8 and 0·38, respectively. The incidence of PONV of any severity was 59·2%, 37·5%, 40% and 22·8%, respectively. The reduction of the incidence and the severity of PONV were statistically significant with all three interventions. Results from additional analyses suggested that both drugs were equally effective and that there was a simple additive effect of tropisetron and dexamethasone compared with placebo. Conclusion Oral tropisetron and dexamethasone were both equally effective in reducing the severity and incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting. The latter could be reduced by approximately 35% in a population of moderate–high risk for PONV. Both drugs had an additive effect. However, even in the combination group there still remained an unacceptably high incidence of PONV of more than 20%. This highlighted the need for a multimodal anti-emetic approach in high-risk patients and the importance of treatment of PONV. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|