Evidence for Karyotype Polymorphism in the Free-Living Flatworm, Macrostomum lignano, a Model Organism for Evolutionary and Developmental Biology

Autor: Irina D. Konopatskaia, Eugene Berezikov, Aline Schlatter, Kira S. Zadesenets, Lukas Schärer, Nikolay B. Rubtsov, Dita B. Vizoso
Přispěvatelé: Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Restoring Organ Function by Means of Regenerative Medicine (REGENERATE)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
PLATYHELMINTHES
Inbred Strains
Aneuploidy
POLYPLOIDY
lcsh:Medicine
Genome
SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITE
Chromosomal Disorders
Medicine and Health Sciences
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
lcsh:Science
SEX ALLOCATION
In Situ Hybridization
Fluorescence
Genetics
Macrostomum lignano
Multidisciplinary
Chromosome Biology
Karyotype
Biological Evolution
Chromosomal Aberrations
Macrostomum
Cell Processes
Tetrasomy
Cytogenetic Analysis
Karyotypes
DNA Probes
STEM-CELLS
Research Article
Genome evolution
Biology
Research and Analysis Methods
Chromosomes
03 medical and health sciences
Cytogenetics
Model Organisms
REGENERATION
medicine
CHROMOSOMAL DUPLICATION
Animals
Metaphase
Clinical Genetics
GENOME EVOLUTION
lcsh:R
Chromosome
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Chromosome Pairs
DNA-SEQUENCES
030104 developmental biology
Platyhelminths
lcsh:Q
Departures from Diploidy
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0164915 (2016)
PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, 11(10):e0164915. PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Over the past decade, the free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano has been successfully used in many areas of biology, including embryology, stem cells, sexual selection, bioadhesion and aging. The increased use of this powerful laboratory model, including the establishment of genomic resources and tools, makes it essential to have a detailed description of the chromosome organization of this species, previously suggested to have a karyotype with 2n = 8 and one pair of large and three pairs of small metacentric chromosomes. We performed cytogenetic analyses for chromosomes of one commonly used inbred line of M. lignano (called DV1) and uncovered unexpected chromosome number variation in the form of aneuploidies of the largest chromosomes. These results prompted us to perform karyotypic studies in individual specimens of this and other lines of M. lignano reared under laboratory conditions, as well as in freshly field-collected specimens from different natural populations. Our analyses revealed a high frequency of aneuploids and in some cases other numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities in laboratory-reared lines of M. lignano, and some cases of aneuploidy were also found in freshly field-collected specimens. Moreover, karyological analyses were performed in specimens of three further species: Macrostomum sp. 8 (a close relative of M. lignano), M. spirale and M. hystrix. Macrostomum sp. 8 showed a karyotype that was similar to that of M. lignano, with tetrasomy for its largest chromosome being the most common karyotype, while the other two species showed a simpler karyotype that is more typical of the genus Macrostomum. These findings suggest that M. lignano and Macrostomum sp. 8 can be used as new models for studying processes of partial genome duplication in genome evolution.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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