Deciphering interference control in adults with ADHD by using distribution analyses and electromyographic activity

Autor: Carlos Tobon, Laurence Casini, Isabel Suarez, Thierry Hasbroucq, David Pineda, Francisco Lopera, Boris Burle
Přispěvatelé: Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-15-CE28-0008,DOPCONTROL,Optimisation du contrôle cognitif : Approches comportementale, électrophysiologique et en neuroimagerie du développement normal et pathologique(2015), European Project: 241077,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2009-StG,PRORECONT(2010), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
media_common.quotation_subject
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Audiology
Interference (genetic)
050105 experimental psychology
Developmental psychology
Executive Function
Young Adult
[SCCO]Cognitive science
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
Reaction Time
Developmental and Educational Psychology
medicine
Humans
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Control (linguistics)
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
media_common
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience
05 social sciences
Cognition
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Correct response
Inhibition
Psychological
Behavioral data
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Impulse (psychology)
Female
Psychology
Psychomotor Performance
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Acta Psychologica
Acta Psychologica, 2015, 159, pp.85-92. ⟨10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.05.010⟩
Acta Psychologica, Elsevier, 2015, 159, pp.85-92. ⟨10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.05.010⟩
ISSN: 0001-6918
1873-6297
Popis: A deficit in "interference control" is commonly found in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This has mainly been interpreted as difficulties in inhibiting inappropriate responses. However, interference control involves processes other than simply the ability to inhibit. Consequently, we used sophisticated analysis to decipher the additional processes of interference control in these patients. We compared interference control between 16 adults with ADHD and 15 control adults performing a Simon task. In most studies, performance is generally reported in terms of mean error rates and reaction times (RTs). However, here we used distribution analyses of behavioral data, complemented by analyses of electromyographic (EMG) activity. This allowed us to better quantify the control of interference, specifically the part that remains hidden when pure correct trials are not distinguished from partial errors. Partial errors correspond to sub-threshold EMG bursts induced by incorrect responses that immediately precede a correct response. Moreover, besides "online" control, we also investigated cognitive control effects manifesting across consecutive trials. The main findings were that adults with ADHD were slower and showed a larger interference effect in comparison to controls. However, the data revealed that the larger interference effect was due neither to higher impulse expression, nor to a deficit in inhibition but that these patients presented a larger interference effect than the controls after congruent trials. We propose and discuss the hypothesis that the interference control deficit found in adults with ADHD is secondary to impairments in sustained attention.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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