Simulation of UV power absorbed by follicular stem cells during sun exposure and possible implications for melanoma development
Autor: | Michael D. Protheroe, Xiyong Huang, Xiang Fu, Ahmed M. Al-Jumaily, Andrew N. Chalmers, Sharad P. Paul |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty Carcinogenesis Ultraviolet Rays Melanocyte Terminal hair Biology 01 natural sciences Models Biological 010309 optics Optics Dermis 0103 physical sciences Follicular phase medicine Humans Melanoma Skin integumentary system business.industry Stem Cells Absorption Radiation Radiation Exposure medicine.disease Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials medicine.anatomical_structure Vellus hair Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Epidermis Stem cell business Hair Follicle Monte Carlo Method |
Zdroj: | Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision. 36(4) |
ISSN: | 1520-8532 |
Popis: | The incidence of melanoma in children is extremely rare. However, there is convincing evidence supporting a higher risk of developing melanoma in individuals who have experienced excessive sun exposure during their childhood. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that prior to puberty, the melanocyte stem cells in the bulge region of hair follicles are much shallower in the dermis, resulting in their increased vulnerability to sun exposure. To validate this hypothesis, a Monte Carlo simulation of light transport is applied to quantify the dose of solar UV power absorbed in the stem-cell layers at different depths in both child and adult skins. The simulated results suggest that the stem cells in vellus hair follicles would absorb over 250 times higher UV photons than those in the terminal hair follicles. Due to the thinner epidermis in child skin, the stem cells in vellus hair follicles absorb about 1.9 and 3.2 times greater ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B, respectively, than those in adult skin. These findings provide a possible explanation to why children are particularly vulnerable to sun exposure. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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