Language organization in left perinatal stroke
| Autor: | Giovanni Cioni, Paola Cipriani, Daniela Brizzolara, Chiara Pecini, Anna Maria Chilosi, Laura Biagi, E. Petacchi, Andrea Guzzetta, Michela Tosetti |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Hemiplegia Audiology Lateralization of brain function Lesion Epilepsy Young Adult Aphasia medicine Image Processing Computer-Assisted Brain asymmetry Humans Child Dominance Cerebral Stroke Infarction Anterior Cerebral Artery Language Cerebral Cortex Aphasia Broca Neuronal Plasticity business.industry Verbal Behavior fMRI Cognition Infarction Middle Cerebral Artery General Medicine Human brain medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging childhood stroke neonatal stroke medicine.anatomical_structure Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Female Neurology (clinical) childhood stroke neonatal stroke fMRI medicine.symptom business Neuroscience |
| Popis: | Right-hemispheric organisation of language has been observed following early left-sided brain lesions. The role of the site of damage is still controversial, as other aspects influence the pattern of speech organisation including timing of the lesion and the presence of epilepsy. We studied a group of 10 term-born children homogeneous for timing/type of lesion and clinical picture. All subjects had left perinatal arterial stroke, right hemiplegia, normal cognitive functions and no or easily controlled epileptic seizures. In half the patients, the lesion clearly involved Broca's area, in the other half it was remote from it. Language lateralization was explored by an fMRI covert rhyme generation task. Eight of 10 subjects showed a right lateralisation of language, including all five patients with a damaged left Broca and 3/5 of those without it. Group analysis in patients with right hemispheric organisation showed brain activations homotopic to those found in the left hemisphere of a matched control group. Our findings confirm that, at the end of gestation, the human brain exhibits extraordinary (re-)organisational capabilities. Language organisation in the right hemisphere is favoured by the presence of destructive lesions of the left Broca's area at birth, and occurs in brain regions homotopic to those usually involved in language processing. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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